目的了解慢性腹痛患儿幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)的感染状态及幽门螺杆菌感染患儿内镜下表现的特点。方法应用C13尿素呼气试验,对905例以慢性腹痛为主要症状的患儿进行检测,对C13呼气试验阳性者进行电子胃镜检查。结果905例慢性腹痛患儿中H.pylori呈阳性185例(20.44%),随年龄增长,其H.pylori阳性率升高,学年组已达高峰。对H.pylori阳性者进行胃镜检查结果显示十二指肠隆起病变47例占25.40%,结节性胃炎41例占22.1%,慢性浅表性`胃炎38例占20.5%,结节性胃炎伴十二指肠隆起病变23例占12.43%,十二指肠球部溃疡23例占12.4%。胃溃疡7例,占3.7%(其中包括1例复合性溃疡),结节性胃炎伴十二指肠炎6例,占3.2%。结论H.pylori感染为小儿慢性腹痛的主要原因之一,也是导致慢性胃炎及消化性溃疡的主要原因之一。C13尿素呼气试验方便,快速,无痛苦,无放射性,是一较好的H.pylori检测方法;对既有消化道症状同时C13呼气试验阳性者进行胃镜检查能够协助临床诊断及治疗。 Objective To investigate the status of H.pylori infection in children with chronic abdominal pain and the characteristics of endoscopic diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Methods C13 urea breath test was used to detect 905 children with chronic abdominal pain as the main symptom, and electron gastroscopy was performed on patients with positive C13 breath test. Results The positive rate of H.pylori in 905 children with chronic abdominal pain was 185 cases (20.44%). With the increase of age, the positive rate of H.pylori increased and reached the peak in the school year group. Gastroscopy of H.pylori-positive patients showed that the rate of duodenal uplift in 47 cases (25.40%), nodular gastritis in 41 cases (22.1%), chronic superficial gastritis in 38 cases (20.5%), nodular gastritis 23 cases of duodenal uplift lesions accounted for 12.43%, 23 cases of duodenal ulcer in 12.4%. Gastric ulcer in 7 cases, accounting for 3.7% (including 1 case of complex ulcer), nodular gastritis with duodenitis in 6 cases, accounting for 3.2%. Conclusions H. pylori infection is one of the main causes of chronic abdominal pain in children and is also one of the main causes of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. C13 urea breath test is convenient, rapid, painless and non-radioactive and is a good H.pylori detection method. Gastroscopy can help clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with both gastrointestinal symptoms and C13 breath test positive.