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春小麦个体发育的各个时期,不同器官全N含量均存在着差异,表现为叶片>叶鞘>茎杆。叶片、叶鞘、茎杆和籽粒N积累峰值依次出现在孕穗期、抽穗期、开花盛期和乳熟末期。开花前N素主要积累在叶片中,生育后期籽粒成为N素的主要贮存场所。籽粒N主要来自开花前营养器官贮存N的再分配,再分配N占籽粒N的53.0％～80.8％,各营养器官贮存N对籽粒N贡献的大小顺序是叶片>茎杆>叶鞘。在籽粒灌浆过程中,籽粒N素含量的变化曲线呈“凹”形,籽粒N素的积累曲线呈“S”形。籽粒蛋白质含量与各生育时期单株和营养器官全N含量均呈显著的正相关,与N积累量、N运转率及N收获指数相关均不显著。籽粒产量和蛋白质含量都受供N水平的影响,品种获得最高籽粒产量和蛋白质含量所需N肥的量是不同步的。
At different stages of individual development of spring wheat, there were differences in the total N content of different organs, which manifested as leaf> leaf sheath> stem. N accumulation peak of leaves, leaf sheaths, stems and grains appeared in booting stage, heading stage, flowering stage and milk ripening stage. Before flowering, N mainly accumulates in the leaves, and the late-growing grain becomes the main storage place of N-element. The grain N mainly came from the redistribution of N in vegetative organs before flowering. The redistribution N accounted for 53.0% ~ 80.8% of the N in the grain, and the order of contribution of N to the N in vegetative organs was leaf> stem> leaf sheath. During the process of grain filling, the curve of grain N content was concave and the accumulation curve of grain N was “S”. There was a significant positive correlation between grain protein content and total N content in vegetative organs and organs at each growth stage, but not with N accumulation, N turnover rate and N harvest index. Both grain yield and protein content are affected by the N level, and the amount of N fertilizer required to obtain the highest grain yield and protein content for the cultivars is not synchronized.