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随着人类文明的发展,语言的研究逐渐由语言本体发展到和人们日常生活息息相关的语用。在修辞学研究中,人们也从辞格中走出,更加关注在具体语境中如何运用语言,是修辞学更加生活化。陈望道《修辞学发凡》明确提出:“修辞以适应题旨情境为第一义,不应是仅仅语辞的修饰,更不应是离开情意的修饰。”刘勰《文心雕龙·定势篇》中也提出:“因情立体,即体成势”即修辞要适应不同体裁所表现的不同语言特点、语言风格。而委婉表达的运用,贯穿于各个民族的语言,它代表一个民族语言使用的最高艺术与国民文化教育程度。本文试从词法与句法两个角度剖析两种语言表达委婉语气的方式。
With the development of human civilization, the study of language gradually develops from the ontology of language to the pragmatics closely related to people’s daily life. In the study of rhetoric, people also come out from the figures of speech, pay more attention to how to use language in specific contexts, and make rhetoric more life-oriented. Chen Wangdao “rhetoric made a clear” made it clear: “rhetoric to adapt to the theme of the situation as the first meaning, should not be just the rhetoric of modification, but should not leave the modification of affection.” “Liu Wen” The potential chapter “also proposed:” because of the situation of three-dimensional, that is, the body into potential "that rhetoric to adapt to different genres of different language features, language style. The use of euphemism, which runs through the languages of all nations, represents the highest artistic use of a national language and the level of education in national cultures. This article attempts to analyze the two modes of expressing euphemism in two languages from the perspectives of lexical and syntactic.