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本文在理论研究和现场应用的基础上,总结了老顶岩梁运动与支承压力分布及其显现间关系的研究成果。文章阐述了采场推进过程中支承压力发展的过程及其显现的规律性,指出作为“载荷”和“传递介质”双重作用的老顶岩梁,其运动状态的改变和发展将引起“两方面作用”的主导地位的相互转化,导致采场支承压力分布和显现的有规律的变化。文章着重指出,当岩梁在端部断裂时刻,支承压力分布发生突变,以断裂线为界形成由已断裂岩梁自重所决定的“内应力场”及由上覆岩层整体重量所决定的“外应力场”,随工作面的推进,两个应力场中的压力和显现的高峰分别向相反的方向转移。当岩梁运动完成(触矸)后,内应力场形成稳定的低应力区。作者还给出了在内应力场中表达显现的支承压力和支架上作用力的力学表达式。文章最后介绍了支承压力分布理论在采场矿压控制中的应用,其中包括预测采场来压的时间和强度,确定巷道开掘的位置和时间,估算巷道变形量及支护阻力等。
Based on the theoretical research and field application, this paper summarizes the research results on the relationship between the motion and bearing pressure distribution of the old roof rock and its manifestation. The paper expounds the development process and the regularity of supporting pressure during the process of stope propulsion. It is pointed out that the change and development of the motion of the old roof rock, which is the dual role of “load” and “transfer medium”, will cause “two aspects Role ”leading to the mutual transformation, resulting in pressure changes in the staging of support pressure and the emergence of a regular change. The article emphatically points out that when the rock beam at the end of the rupture, the supporting pressure distribution changes suddenly, the rupture line is bounded by the dead weight of the rock, which determines the “internal stress field” and the overburden overall weight determined by the “external stress Field ”, with the advancement of the work surface, the pressure in the two stress fields and the peak appeared in the opposite direction respectively. When the rock beam movement is completed (touch rock), the internal stress field to form a stable area of low stress. The author also gives the mechanics expression of the bearing pressure and the force on the support which is expressed in the internal stress field. Finally, the article introduces the application of support pressure distribution theory in mine ground pressure control, including the prediction of the time and intensity of stope pressure, the determination of the location and time of roadway excavation, the estimation of roadway deformation and the support resistance.