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由毒物引起的急性中毒性脑病多以脑水肿为最常见的病变,其发病机制大致分为两类:一类是亲神经毒物或其代谢产物对中枢神经系统的直接损害,如三乙基锡、四乙基铅等;另一类属缺氧性脑水肿。急性中毒所致脑缺氧见于以下三种情况:1.化学窒息性气体如一氧化碳、氰氢酸、硫化氢进入机体使氧的运输及组织对氧的利用发生障碍;2.毒物进入机体引起呼吸循环功能障碍而致使脑供氧不足,如刺激性气体可引起中毒性肺水肿,阻碍肺的通气换气功能,造成血氧降低;3.一些气体(如CO_2、甲烷、N_2)本身无毒,但由于它们在吸入气中所占比例过
Acute toxic encephalopathy caused by poison mostly brain edema as the most common lesions, the pathogenesis can be divided into two categories: one is the direct damage to the central nervous system by neurotoxic agents or their metabolites, such as triethyl tin , Tetraethyl lead, etc .; the other is anoxic brain edema. Acute poisoning caused by cerebral anoxia found in the following three situations: 1. Chemical asphyxiating gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide into the body so that oxygen transport and tissue barriers to the use of oxygen; 2. Poison into the body to cause breathing Circulatory dysfunction caused by insufficient cerebral oxygen supply, such as irritating gases can cause toxic pulmonary edema, impede the ventilation of the lung function, resulting in decreased blood oxygen; 3. Some gases (such as CO_2, methane, N_2) itself is non-toxic, However, due to their share of the inhalation of gas over