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探讨松果体摘除对下丘脑－神经垂体系血管升压素（ＶＰ）、催产素（ＯＸＴ）合成和分泌影响。方法选用成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，自然光照，分成正常对照组、假手术对照组和松果体摘除组。用改良的手术方法摘除松果体，术后１，２，４，８周取下丘脑，Ｂｏｕｉｎｓ液固定，石蜡包埋连续切片，用免疫细胞化学Ｓ－Ｐ法染抗ＶＰ、抗ＯＸＴ和抗垂体后叶激素运载蛋白（ＮＰ），再用计算机图像分析仪测定下丘脑视上核、室旁核中各阳性细胞数及染色程度。结果松果体摘除后１周室旁核中ＶＰ阳性神经元数量及视上核、室旁核两核之和的ＶＰ、ＮＰ阳性细胞增多（Ｐ＜０．０５），术后４周时视上核及室旁核之和的各阳性细胞数量均较对照组明显升高并延续至术后第８周，而同期染色强度则从术后２周起下降。结论松果体摘除解除了对下丘脑－神经垂体系的抑制作用，因而促进血管升压素、催产素合成、转运和分泌，该作用从术后１周起开始出现。
To investigate the effects of pineal exclusion on the hypothalamus-neurohypophysis vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OXT) synthesis and secretion. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were selected and exposed to natural light and divided into normal control group, sham operation control group and pineal excision group. Pineal bodies were removed with a modified surgical procedure. The hypothalamus was removed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after operation. The bouins solution was fixed in paraffin and serially sectioned. The anti-OXT And anti-posterior pituitary hormone transport protein (NP), and then using computer image analyzer to determine the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus in the number of positive cells and staining. Results The number of VP positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus and the number of VP and NP positive cells in the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus at 1 week after pineal excision increased (P <0.05). After 4 weeks, The number of positive cells in the sum of supraventricular nucleus and paraventricular nucleus was significantly higher than that of the control group and continued to the 8th week after operation, while the staining intensity decreased from 2 weeks after the operation. Conclusion Pineal ablation can relieve hypothalamic-neuroendocrine system inhibition and promote vasopressin, oxytocin synthesis, transport and secretion. The effect begins from the first week after operation.