面对处于初级阶段的社会主义,政治经济学研究对象的着力点就要转向生产力。中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系的构建,就是要建立解放、发展和保护生产力的系统化的经济理论。新的发展阶段面临新的重大发展问题,涉及经济发展目标转变问题,新常态下中高速增长的可持续问题,跨越“中等收入陷阱”问题,经济发展的平衡性。创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五大新发展理念,科学地回应了这些重大发展问题。创新发展的理念推动发展动力理论的创新。协调发展的理念推动发展结构理论的创新。绿色发展的理念推动财富理论的创新。开放发展的理念推动经济全球化理论创新。共享发展的理念推动发展目的理论创新,这些方面涉及现阶段经济发展理论的核心部分。其中每一个理念都有深厚的马克思主义政治经济学的理论基础。 The face of the primary stage of socialism, political economy, the focus of the study will shift to the productive forces. The construction of the theoretical system of political economy with Chinese characteristics is to establish a systematic economic theory that liberates, develops and protects the productive forces. The new stage of development is facing new major development issues, involving the transformation of economic development goals, the sustainable development of medium and high-speed growth under the new normal, the issue of “middle-income trap” and the balance of economic development. Innovation, coordination, green, open and sharing five new development concepts, scientifically responded to these major development issues. The Concept of Innovation and Development Promote the Innovation of Development Motivation Theory. The Concept of Harmonious Development Promotes the Innovation of Development Structure Theory. The concept of green development promotes the innovation of wealth theory. The Concept of Opening up to Promote Theoretical Innovation of Economic Globalization. Share the concept of development to promote the development of theoretical innovation, these aspects related to the core part of the theory of economic development at this stage. Each of these concepts has a profound theoretical foundation of Marxist political economy.