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玻璃制品是东西方物质文化交流中具有代表性的一类文物,中国发现的古代玻璃制品从装饰风格到生产技术都常常能见到西方影响的痕迹。魏晋南北朝是中西方玻璃产品和技术交流承前启后的重要时期。一方面玻璃制品从装饰物发展到实用器;另一方面制作玻璃容器的重要技术——吹制法传播到了中国。为探究玻璃器在魏晋南北朝时期呈现出的面貌、扮演的社会角色以及其所反映出的社会文化,本研究对这一时期考古发掘出土的玻璃器(包括残片)进行了统计和梳理。结合出土遗址性质、玻璃器特征和文献资料分析,对玻璃器的功能进行了探讨,认为当时的玻璃器可分为世俗用具和宗教用具两大类。这反映了魏晋南北朝时期玻璃制品的多样性和丰富性,也说明这一时期玻璃制品的使用已经有了社会功能分化。
Glass products are a kind of representative cultural relics in East-West material and cultural exchanges. The ancient glass products discovered in China can often see signs of western influences from decorative style to production technology. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is an important period for Sino-Western glass products and technology exchanges. On the one hand glass products from the decoration to the development of practical; the other hand, the production of glass containers of the important technology - blowing method spread to China. In order to explore the appearance of glassware in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the social role it played and the social culture it reflects, this study collected and sorted out the glassware (including fragments) unearthed in this period. According to the nature of the unearthed site, the characteristics of the glassware and the analysis of the literature, the functions of the glassware are discussed. The glassware at that time can be divided into two categories: secular and religious. This reflects the diversity and abundance of glass products during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It also shows that the use of glass products has been divided into social functions during this period.