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本模块知识网络
模块常用短语、重点词汇及语法
一、常用短语
add... to... 往……加入……
used to 过去（常常）……
in the area of 在……领域
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be supposed to 应当；理应
react with 与……产生化学反应
at the top （of ） 在（……的）顶部
at the bottom （of ） 在（……的）底部
keep... out of 防止……进入
put... in order 把某物按顺序排列
push down 向下按；推倒
draw a/the conclusion 得出结论
keep down 控制；使不升起
consist of 由……组成
as well 也
become known as 作为……而出名；被称
为……；叫作……
go down 下降
come up with 提出
from that moment on 从那时起
concentrate on 聚精会神；集中思想
compared with 与……相比
click on 点击
log on 登录；注册
log off 退出；注销（计算机系统）
wrap up 包裹；圆满完成；（使）穿得
暖和
二、重点词汇
A. 大纲词汇
boil vt. 煮；煮沸
contain vt. 包含；包括
design vt. 设计
pass vt. 超过
float vi. 漂浮
form vi. 形成
electricity n. 电
stage n. 阶段；时期
aim n. 目标；目的
equipment n. 设备；装备
steam n. 蒸汽；水汽
lecture n. 演讲
department n.（大学的）科、系
defence n. 保护；防卫
ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的
average adj. 平均的
B. 大纲外常用词汇
log vt. 记录；登录
create vt. 创造；发明
shorten vt. 缩短
expand vi. 膨胀
contract vi. 收缩
react vi.（化学）反应
dissolve vi. 溶解；分解；分离
concentrate vi. 集中（注意力、思想等）
liquid n. 液体
substance n. 物质
mixture n. 混合物
oxygen n. 氧气
conclusion n. 结论
reaction n. 反应
oxide n. 氧化物
balance n. 天平
crucible n. 坩埚
tongs n.（复）夹子；小钳子
flame n. 火焰
facility n.（常作复数）设备；工具
access n. 接近；通路
keyword n. 密码；口令
software n. 软件
breakdown n. 故障
source n. 来源；出处
data n.（复）数据
network n. 网络
percentage n. 百分数；百分率
document n. 文件
invention n. 发明
permission n. 许可
essay n. 文章
disadvantage n. 弊端；缺点
electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的
partial adj. 部分的；局部的
astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的
accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的
military adj. 军事的；军队的
definite adj. 明确的
fantastic adj. 极好的；美妙的
independent adj. 独立的
frequently adv. 时常；经常
sideways adv. 横着地；斜着地
via prep. 途径；经由
三、语法
1. 分数表达法；
2. 形容词的倍数表达法；
3. 形容词比较级表示“越……越……”；
4. 修饰形容词比较级的副词；
5. 合成词；
6. 定冠词the和零冠词的用法。
重点词汇及短语精析 1. conclusion n. 结论
【用法精析】
（1） come to reach a/the conclusion 得出结论，告一段落
I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job.
我断定他不适合做这项工作。
It took me some time to reach the conclusion.
我花了很长时间才得出结论。
（2） draw a/the conclusion 得出结论
I find it difficult to draw a conclusion on that.
我觉得此事难下结论。
（3） in conclusion 最后，综上所述
In conclusion， I would like to thank you for your attention.
最后，谢谢各位的听讲。
【拓展】
conclude vt. 断定；推断出；作出结论
2. aim n. 目标，目的；瞄准
v. 瞄准；力求达到；力争做到
【用法精析】
（1） aim用作名词，表示“目的；目标”，是可数名
词；表示“瞄准”，是不可数名词；
John has only one aim in life—to be a film star.
约翰只有一个目标，就是成为电影明星。
The hunter took aim at the lion and was ready to shoot.
猎人瞄准那只狮子准备好要射击。
（2） 不管用作名词还是动词，aim其后均常接at。
He took aim at the bird， but missed.
他向鸟瞄准，但没射中。
He aimed his gun at the bird， but did not fire.
他用枪瞄准鸟，但没开枪。
（3） aim后一般接at doing sth，有时其后也接for，表示希望达到某个目标；
They’re aiming at training everybody.
他们正力求做到人人得到培训。
We should aim for the best results.
我们要力争取得最好的结果。
（4） aim后接不定式，表示“想要做某事”，有时可与aim at doing sth互换。
He aims to become a computer expert.
= He aims at becoming a computer expert.
他想成为计算机专家。
（5） be aimed at... 目的是；旨在
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
（6）“实现目标”在英语中要用动词achieve，一般不用reach。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
3. equipment n. 设备；装备
【用法精析】
比较equipment和facility的区别：
两者都可译作“设备；器材”，但equipment是不可数名词，指用于某一特殊目的的东西、供给品、装备等，如：a piece of equipment；basic kitchen equipment；medical/office equipment；facility是可数名词，常用复数形式。facilities指为特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利，包括设施、场所和服务等等。如：production facilities；facilities for study；facilities for travel；sports facilities；shopping/banking/ cooking facilities。
4. react v.（化学）反应，起反应；（对……）做出反应；
回应
【用法精析】
（1） react （with sth） 起化学反应；发生物理变化
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
（2） react against sb/sth 反对；反抗
He reacted strongly against artistic conventions of his time.
他强烈反对当时的艺术俗套。
5. form v. 形成；产生；养成；培养
n. 形式；类型、表格
【原句呈现】
Burn to form an oxide.
【用法精析】
（1） form good habits 养成好习惯 Children should form good habits from the very beginning.
孩子们从一开始就应养成良好的习惯。
（2） fill out/complete a form 填表
To apply a job， you must fill out a form.
申请工作要填表。
6. contain v. 包含，包括；装有；容纳
【用法精析】
比较contain和include的区别：
contain侧重所含的量与成分；include侧重于对比整体与部分，指某整体包含或容纳某部分，常用于解释或补充说明；include常以including（名词或代词前）或included（名词或代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举例、解释或补充说明。
The basket contains a variety of fruits.
这篮子里装有各种水果。
This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
The money I gave you included Xiao Zhang’s.
我给你的钱里包括了小张的钱。
This dictionary is 100 yuan， postage included.
这本词典连邮费共一百元。
There are ten of us here， including three girls.
= There are ten of us here， three girls included.
7. defence n. 保护；防卫
【用法精析】
（1） defence表示“保卫”或“防御”，后接入侵者或造成危害者用against；若后接被保护者用of。
A thick coat is a good defence against the cold.
一件厚衣服足可以御寒。
This fort was once the main defence of the island.
这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上的主要防御设施。
（2） in defence of 保卫……；为……辩护
Hundreds of people gave their lives in defence of freedom.
千百人为了自由献出了自己的生命。
8. design v. & n. 设计
【用法精析】
（1） be designed for/to do 专为……而做（设置）
The experiment is designed to test the new medicine.
实验的目的是试验新药。
（2） design for 为……设计
（3） by design 故意地；有意地
Do you think he did this by design？
你认为他这样做是有意的吗？
（4） have designs on 对……抱不良企图
9. average adj. 平均的
n. 平均数
【用法精析】
（1） average通常只能放在名词前作定语，不用作表语，且没有比较级；
The average annual per capital income is 10，000 yuan.
年人均收入是一万元。
（2） average表示“一般的；普通的”，可用作定语，也可用作表语。
He is an average man； there’s nothing different about him.
他是个普通人，并没有什么异乎常人的地方。
（3） above/below average 平均水平以上/以下
（4） an average of 平均有
注意：the average of... 作主语，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的平均数”；“an average of + 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数，意为“平均有……”（跟数词）。
（5） on （an/the） average 平均而言；根据平均标准
（6） with an average of 平均为
10. add... to... 往……加入……
Please add my name to the list.
请在名单上加上我的名字。
【拓展】
（1） add in 把……包括在内
Don’t forget to add me in.
别忘了把我也算上。
（2） add up to 总共是；总计为
The costs added up to 1000 dollars.
费用总计为1000美元。
（3） add to 使（数量）增加；使（规模）扩大
The bad weather only added to our difficulties.
恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。 11. used to 过去（常常）……
I used to be a linguist till I become a writer.
过去我是个语言学家，后来成了作家。
【拓展】
（1） be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
I am used to watching TV in the evening.
我习惯于晚上看电视。
（2） be used to do 被用来做（表示被动）
The medicine is used to assuage pain.
这种药用来止痛。
12. be supposed to 应当；理应
【用法精析】
be supposed to中，to是动词不定式符号，不是介词，其后要跟动词原形。
（1） 当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该；被期望”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should；
Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car.
每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。
（2） be supposed to后接have加过去分词，表示“应该做某事而实际没做或没做到”；
You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.
你本该现在把作业交上来的。
（3） be supposed to的否定结构为be not supposed to，意为“不被许可；不应当”。
You are not supposed to wear golf-shoes in the clubhouse.
你不可以在俱乐部里穿高尔夫球鞋。
13. become/be known as 作为……而出名；被称为……； 叫作……
She was known as an excellent dancer.
她作为一名优秀的舞蹈家而闻名。
【拓展】
（1） be known for 因……而众所周知
The fox is known for its cleverness and cunning.
狐狸的机敏和狡猾是人所共知的。
（2） be known to 为……所知
He is known to everyone in this university.
在这所大学里，人人都知道他。
14. compared with/to 与……相比
Compared with/to our small apartment， our uncle’s house seemed like a palace.
跟我们的小公寓比起来，叔叔的房子就像宫殿。
【拓展】
（1） compare... to... 把……比作……
They compare an endangered species to a house that has been left unlocked.
他们将一个受威胁的物种比作一幢没有锁门的房子。
（2） compare... with... 把……和……比较
If you compare the translation with the original， you will find the inaccuracy.
如果你把译文与原文比较一下，你就会找到不准确的地方了。
语法精析精练
考点提示：
1. 单项填空和完形填空中主要考查代词中不定代词的用法。
2. 短文改错中主要考查人称代词和物主代词的正确指代。
一、代词的分类
代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词以及相互代词九类。熟记下面表格中的人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的不同形式。
二、几组易混代词的区别
1. another，other，the other，others和the others
another：（三者或三者以上）表示“另一个、再一个”，可构成“one...，another...”，表示“一个……，另一个……”。用作代词或形容词后接名词时，名词用单数形式；而another后面也可接数词或several，few + 复数名词，表示“再……、又……”，如：another three days（= three more days）。
other：表示“另外的、其他的”。用作形容词时，只作定语；前无修饰词时，常与复数名词连用。
the other：（两者中）表示“另一个”。常可构成“one...， the other...”表示“一个……，另一个……”，可单独使用，也可后接单数或复数名词（后接复数名词时，表示另一方的其余全部）。
others：泛指别的人或物。常可构成“some...，others...”表示“一些……，另一些……”。
the others：特指某一限定范围内的其余的人或物。
2. both，either，neither，all，any和none 〈注意〉（1） both，all以及everybody，everyone，everything等用在否定句中表示部分否定，意思是“并非……都……”；而neither，none，nobody，no one，nothing以及not... any/either用在句中表示全部否定。
（2） both后可接复数可数名词，neither和either后面只能接单数可数名词；all后可接复数可数名词或不可数名词；any表示“任一”时，后接单数名词，但表示“一些”（在否定句、疑问句或条件句中）时，后接复数可数名词或不可数名词；none后面不能接名词。
3. 替代词that，those，one，ones，the one，the ones
当句子中名词与前面名词相同时，为了避免重复，使用替代词来代替。
that，those表特指。that可替代特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词；those替代特指的复数可数名词。
one，ones表泛指，只能替代可数名词。one替代前面出现的单数可数名词，相当于a/an + 单数可数名词；ones替代前面出现的复数可数名词。
the one，the ones表特指，只能替代可数名词。the one替代前面的单数可数名词，相当于that；the ones替代前面的复数可数名词，相当于those。
4. none，no one/nobody，nothing
none既可指人，也可指物；可指代可数名词和不可数名词，且有特指概念和数的概念（特指代前面提到的人或物），表示“一个也没有、一点儿也没有”，可用来回答how many/much引导的疑问句，其后可接of 介词短语。
no one与nobody等同，只能指人，且表泛指概念“没有任何人”，可用来回答who引导的疑问句，其后不能接of 介词短语。
nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念“什么也没有”，可用来回答what引导的疑问句，其后不能接of 介词短语。
三、it的用法
1. 用作代词
（1） 指代前面提到的事物、不明性别或身份的人；
（2） 指代前面句子的内容或未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况；
（3） 指时间、距离、自然现象、环境等；
2. it用于强调结构，构成强调句型“It is/was...that/who...”；
3. it用作形式主语和形式宾语，代替真正主语：动词不定式、动名词（少数结构中）或主语从句；it用作形式宾语，代替真正宾语：动词不定式、动名词（少数结构中）或宾语从句。
1. （2012年四川卷） New technologies have made ___ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
A. that B. this
C. one D. it
2. （2012年全国卷Ⅰ） Larry asked Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him， but ___ of them wants to， because they have work to do.
A. either B. any
C. neither D. none
3. （2012年全国卷Ⅱ） Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
A. herself B. this
C. that D. it
4. （2012年重庆卷） — John， when shall we meet again，
Thursday or Friday？
— ___ . I’ll be off to London then.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. None
5. （2012年山东卷） Maria has written two novels， both of ___ have been made into television series.
A. them B. that
C. which D. what
6. （2012年浙江卷） Studying Wendy’s menu， I found that many of the items are similar to ___ of McDonald’s.
A. those B. ones
C. any B. all
7. （2012年辽宁卷） If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand， could you get ___ for me？
A. one B. such
C. this D. that
8. （2012年陕西卷） No matter where he is， he makes ___ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
A. him B. this
C. that D. it
9. （2012年江苏卷） Sophia waited for a reply， but ___ came. A. either B. another
C. neither D. none
10. We’ve been looking for houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.
A. one B. it
C. that D. them
11. The bike you referred to isn’t ___ . It belongs to ___ .
A. hers； mine B. his； her
C. her； his D. your； hers
12. I would appreciate ___ very much if you could give me some useful information.
A. it B. this
C. that D. you
13. — Who could do a thing like that？
— ___ but a brave man， I’m afraid.
A. Everybody B. Somebody
C. Nobody D. Anybody
14. Mary didn’t want ___ of the two kinds and asked the shop assistant to show her ___ .
A. both； the other B. all； the others
C. either； another D. any； another
15. — Shall we go to see a film or play computer games？
— ___ . I’d like to go sightseeing around the lake.
A. Neither B. Either
C. Both D. None
16. Many lovers in our country make ___ a rule to exchange presents on Valentine’s Day.
A. them B. this
C. that D. it
17. He is honest and warm-hearted. ___ is why we trust him.
A. It B. That
C. This D. Which
18. — Victor certainly cares too much about himself.
— Yes. He’s never interested in what ___ is doing.
A. everyone B. anyone else
C. someone else D. anyone
19. — Oh， no！ This stupid computer has crashed again！
— Well， you can try ___ one， since there are so many
available.
A. another B. other
C. the other D. others
20. — Which do you prefer， a bottle of orange or a bottle of
milk？
— ___ ， thanks. I’d like just a cup of tea.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. None
21. — I have lots of good friends， but I can never find a friend
indeed in my hour of need.
— Don’t be discouraged. ___ is sure to turn up.
A. He B. That
C. One D. Any
22. The protection of our environment is not ___ to be left to the government. Everyone should be concerned.
A. nothing B. anything
C. something D. everything
23. — I saw a very good shirt in that shop. Will you go and buy
___ ？
— I’d rather you bought one in ___ shops.
A. it； other B. it； others
C. one； another D. one； the other
24. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Brown without hurting the feeling of ___ ， but failed. A. none B. either
C. all D. neither
25. My seat was next to ___ of the famous writer so I could ask for some advice from him about writing.
A. it B. one
C. that D. those
综合能力提升
（满分120分；时间80分钟）
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. When you bend your elbow， you ___ the muscles of the arm.
A. narrow B. contract
C. shorten D. afford
2. Criticism of the police reaction to the attacks has ___ the mix of emotions.
A. added anger in B. been added anger in
C. added anger to D. been added anger to
3. On average， European boards have ___ foreign directors as they do women.
A. twice as many B. twice as much
C. as twice as many D. as twice as much
4. There appeared an ___ look on her face on hearing the ___ story.
A. astonished； astonishing B. astonished； astonished
C. astonishing； astonishing D. astonishing； astonished
5. This photo shows how the roots of plants ___ into the earth.
A. push down B. push away
C. push on D. push out
6. Do you mean ___ points you get， ___ racer you are？
A. The less； the better B. The fewer； the better
C. Less； better D. Fewer； the better
7. We don’t need such an expensive car. We must ___ expenses.
A. put down B. turn down
C. keep down D. push down
8. This spaceship ___ a number of scientific instruments， ___ a television camera.
A. contains； including B. includes； including
C. contains； included D. includes； included
9. ___ ， I knew I would never scold my son for imperfect grades.
A. From that moment on B. At the moment
C. Since that moment D. For a moment
10. — What do you remember John Von Neumann as？
— As ___ inventor of ___ computer.
A. /； the B. the； the
C. the； / D. /； /
11. If any problem arises， don’t hesitate ___ me at home.
A. call B. to call
C. calling D. to calling
12. As he predicted， the price of oil is ___ .
A. going away B. going down
C. going off D. going by
13. Pyramids have been built at various times and places； the ___ are those of Egypt and of Central and South America.
A. well-known B. better-known
C. most-known D. best-known
14. We make him eat so much that he won’t ___ it for a fortnight.
A. take off B. put up C. go down D. get over
15. — It’ll take at least 2 hours to do this！
— ___ I could do it in 30 minutes.
A. Come on！ B. Pardon me！
C. Definitely. D. Don’t mention it.
第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
A friend of mine told me a story which I want to share with you. One day not too long ago the employees of a large company in St Louis， Missouri returned from their lunch break and were 16 with a sign on the front door. The sign said， “Yesterday the person who has been 17 you from growing up in this company 18 . We invite you to join the funeral in the room that has been 19 in the gym.”
At first everyone was 20 to hear that one of their 21
had died， but after a while they started getting 22 about who this person might be. The excitement 23 as the employees arrived at the 24 to pay their last respects. Everyone 25 ， “Who is this person who was preventing my 26 ？ Well， at least he’s no longer here！” One by one the employees got closer to the coffin and when they looked inside it they suddenly became 27 . They stood over the coffin， shocked and in silence， 28 someone had touched part of their soul 29 .
There was a 30 inside the coffin： everyone who looked inside it could see himself. There was also a sign next to it that said， “There is only one person who is 31 to set limits to your progress： it is YOU. You are the only person who can control your life. You are the only person who can 32 your happiness， your realization and your 33 . You are the only person who can help yourself.”
Your life does not 34 when your boss changes， or when your friends change. Your life does not change when your parents change， when your partner changes， or when your company changes. Your life changes when you change， when you go 35 your limiting beliefs， when you realize that you are the only one responsible for your life.
16. A. satisfied B. familiar C. happy D. greeted
17. A. preventing B. separating C. leaving D. interrupting
18. A. died away B. gave away C. passed away D. got away
19. A. surrounded B. prepared C. decorated D. done
20. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. disappointed
21. A. bosses B. colleagues C. parents D. friends
22. A. curious B. cold C. angry D. confused
23. A. discovered B. reduced C. grew D. spread
24. A. building B. gym C. hall D. office
25. A. said B. cried C. wondered D. talked
26. A. progress B. confidence C. suggestion D. speed 27. A. speechless B. careless C. hopeless D. harmless
28. A. even though B. even if C. as if D. as with
29. A. sharply B. firmly C. gently D. deeply
30. A. lady B. gentleman C. mirror D. worker
31. A. determined B. willing C. able D. likely
32. A. lose B. influence C. destroy D. recognize
33. A. success B. skill C. failure D. marriage
34. A. turn B. change C. continue D. return
35. A. for B. after C. beyond D. over
第二部分 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
My children thought I was lonely， so they gave me a computer to make friends over the Internet. Was I lonely？ I suppose I was. I had my family， of course， but I can’t talk to them like you can talk to your husband. I’d been widowed for 26 years， but my life was too full bringing up my two children.
When my son， Thomas， set up the computer and Fiona， my daughter， signed me up to the dating site match.com， I thought I’d give it a try. I had a book about how to use the Internet and followed that， teaching myself the ropes.
You can contact anyone who takes your fancy. I started e-mailing one man， and there was something about his face that attracted me. I just knew I liked the look of him and sent him a “wink”， a way of saying a quick hello through the website. We began to write to each other and he sent me romantic poems that I used to print out. He told me he’d been married for 51 years but was now a widower. Like me， friends had told him to go online to find somebody to talk to.
We began chatting several times a day and he would ring at midnight just to hear my voice. He told me now that that was what made him fall in love with me. Aged 76 and 77， we both felt like 16-year-olds embarking on（开始）our first relation-ship. When the phone rang， my heart would miss a beat.
A month later， he proposed， and we got married in January 7—three months after that first “wink”. Stuart moved up to my village of Port Gordon， and my family liked him instantly. My grandchildren were soon calling him Granddad or Granddad Stuart. A friend said she wished she could be like me and find someone online， but the thing is I felt just like her for years： I thought I’d end my days on my own. I’m so glad I’ve met Stuart. I picked a good one.
36. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Wants to marry you.
B. Falls in love with you.
C. Likes surfing the Internet.
D. Attracts and pleases you. 37. It can be inferred from the passage that ___ .
A. the author desired to have a partner
B. the author had been married for 26 years
C. the author’s daughter taught her how to use the Internet
D. the author’s family didn’t accept Stuart at first
38. When did the author say a quick hello to Stuart for the first time？
A. About in December. B. About in October.
C. About in February. D. About in April.
39. Why did Stuart surf the Internet in his seventies？
A. His children bought him a computer.
B. He wanted to seek for a new family.
C. He wanted to have a feeling of being young.
D. His friends advised him to do so.
B
April Fool’s Party
On Friday， April 1， Inner Affair goes back to the days of fear！ Classic Beat from the 70s and 80s by DJs Den & Sion from 9：00 pm till late.
Tickets： Free entrance for those in costume， otherwise 50 yuan （US $6）
Time/Date： 9：00 pm， April 1
Place： Inner Affair， 1/F， Qiankun Dasha， 6 Sanlitun Xiliujie， Chaoyang District
Tel： 8454 0321
Language in Use
Enjoy free in house coffee， tea and beer as well as music and dancing. Practice your Chinese， make friends and have fun.
Time/Date： 7：00 to 9：00 pm， March 25
Place： Language In Use Club， 2/F， Science Fortune Center， 8 Xueqing Lu， north of Xueyuan Lu， Haidian District
The “Worst” Party
Organized by O-zone Productions， the party is set to be “the worst ever”， with the weakest music from the 60s， 70s and 80s. Special prizes will be given to the worst dressed or for bad fashion sense.
Tickets： Free entrance
Time/Date： 9：00 pm， April 1
Place： Pula Pula， Tianze Lu， Oriental Seven Colours Plaza， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6466 8575
La Nuit Francaise
Again on the 2nd Thursday of the month， La Nuit Francaise will be held at Le Rendez-vous. The monthly event is a chance for all French people and everyone interested in France or speaking French to gather together. The evening offers three glasses of wine and canapés（小片开胃面包）for guests， and a special exhibition.
Time/Date： 7：00 to 10：00 pm， April 14
Place： Le Rendez-vous， 3 Gongti Beilu， across from the Pacific Century Plaza， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6462 9110
Marco V
Dutch DJ Marco V drops by Banana for a performance which is supported by Hong Kong’s DJ Spark. Marco V has been around for many years， as an inventive-style DJ and a successful producer who shows great fondness of his work. His beat is energetic， crowd-pleasing and never sees an empty dance floor. He was No.15 in this year’s inter-national DJ MAG DJ Top100.
Tickets： 40 yuan （US $4.80） in advance， 50 yuan （US $6） at the door， both including a free drink
Time/Date： 10：00 pm to 4：00 am， March 31， April 1
Place： Banana， in the lobby（大厅）of the Scitech Hotel， 22 Jianwai Dajie， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6528 3636
40. Which of the following is true according to the first and third advertisement？
A. The two parties will be held on different days.
B. The two parties will be held at different times.
C. The entrance cost of the two parties will not be charged.
D. Some old music will be played at the two parties.
41. Which of the following is prepared for the Chinese learners？
A. Marco V. B. La Nuit Francaise.
C. Language in use. D. The “worst” party.
42. We can infer from the passage that ___ .
A. Marco V is a newly founded organization
B. La Nuit Francaise may be French words
C. the “worst” party will attract a lot of college students
D. you will enjoy free drink at April Fool’s party
C
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry， you must be good at saying it yourself， especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you， but...”， what follows that “but” can make the apology ineffective： “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you are upset”； this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general， all covering apology， which avoids the necessity of recognizing a specific act that was particularly hurtful， and the person who is apologizing should promise never to do it again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not make any sense.
These false apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength， and therefore not make use of these false apologies. But even when presented with examples of really being sorry， children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in under-standing that other children feel pain just as he does， and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that destroying other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that taking the biscuit without asking permission is acceptable， but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
43. According to the author， saying “I’m sorry you are upset” most probably means that ___ .
A. you have a good reason to get upset
B. I know you are upset， but I’m not to blame
C. I apologize for hurting your feelings
D. I’m at fault for making you upset
44. We can learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry， ___ .
A. their apologies should be persuasive
B. their ages should be taken into consideration
C. parents need to set them a good example
D. parents should be patient and honest
45. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ___ .
A. a social problem calling for immediate attention
B. not necessary among family members
C. a sign of social progress
D. not as simple as it seems
第三部分 写作（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs， but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of addictions. Some people are compulsive（难以自制的）shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.
Over the years， shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more every day， but it’s more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they don’t need. Even though they don’t have enough money， they buy everything they want.
The question is： why do they have this addiction？ There isn’t a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they are sad， worried， upset or lonely and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. Shopa-holics say that they feel more important and better after they buy something. They also tend to（有……的倾向）have this addiction when they feel guilty. Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction， but it can ___________ . Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case， people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However， the process， like for most addictions， is long， and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings， so they spend money they don’t have. They get deep in debt， and they can even go bankrupt（破产）and get sent to prison.
46. List three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text. （Please answer within 8 words）
①
②
③
47. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3？ （Please answer within 8 words）
48. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. （Please answer within 6 words）
49. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one？
Accordingly， these shopaholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop compulsive shopping.
50. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. The materials of construction problem is eased by the lower ____（煮沸）point.
52. They jumped and swam or just ____（漂浮）around enjoying their watery home.
53. Does the total price of all ____（设备）include engineering cost？
54. You’ll never be able to ____（超过）that driver. He’s such a road hog.
55. The weakness in our psychological ____（防卫）is something we must take seriously.
56. These ideas gradually combined with the existing religious beliefs to f a new philosophy.
57. An o subway train， approaching the station， can be twice as loud as the loudest jet.
58. Furthermore， there exist several articles in criminal law c strict obligation.
59. The government has d housing projects for low-income families.
60. On a ， 100 people choke to death on ballpoint pens every year.
第三节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
This is a fact that Senior Three students are working hard at
61. ___
their lessons， hope to improve their academic performance and 62. ___
pass the College Entrance Examination. But that worries me 63. ___
is that a large number of students is not active in taking physical 64. ___
exercise. The reason is because they don’t pay enough attention 65. ___
to the importance of regular exercise. In fact， it’s very important 66. ___
of students to have sports every day. Experts say physical exercise
67. ___
is great importance for their physical and mental health， 68. ___
when a lack of sleep or exercise may cause them to feel sleepy in 69. ___
class， which in the end led to students performing badly in exams. 70. ___
第四节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是王平，五年前出国留学，如今回国后发现家乡发生了巨变。请根据下列提示，用英语给你在美国的同学Jack写一封e-mail，告诉他你的家乡在以下方面的变化。
1. 交通方面；
2. 住房方面；
3. 通讯方面；
4. 其他方面。
注意：
1. 词数：120左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可根据内容要点适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
I’ve come back to my hometown safe and sound.
Best wishes to you！
Yours sincerely，
Wang Ping
模块常用短语、重点词汇及语法
一、常用短语
add... to... 往……加入……
used to 过去（常常）……
in the area of 在……领域
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be supposed to 应当；理应
react with 与……产生化学反应
at the top （of ） 在（……的）顶部
at the bottom （of ） 在（……的）底部
keep... out of 防止……进入
put... in order 把某物按顺序排列
push down 向下按；推倒
draw a/the conclusion 得出结论
keep down 控制；使不升起
consist of 由……组成
as well 也
become known as 作为……而出名；被称
为……；叫作……
go down 下降
come up with 提出
from that moment on 从那时起
concentrate on 聚精会神；集中思想
compared with 与……相比
click on 点击
log on 登录；注册
log off 退出；注销（计算机系统）
wrap up 包裹；圆满完成；（使）穿得
暖和
二、重点词汇
A. 大纲词汇
boil vt. 煮；煮沸
contain vt. 包含；包括
design vt. 设计
pass vt. 超过
float vi. 漂浮
form vi. 形成
electricity n. 电
stage n. 阶段；时期
aim n. 目标；目的
equipment n. 设备；装备
steam n. 蒸汽；水汽
lecture n. 演讲
department n.（大学的）科、系
defence n. 保护；防卫
ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的
average adj. 平均的
B. 大纲外常用词汇
log vt. 记录；登录
create vt. 创造；发明
shorten vt. 缩短
expand vi. 膨胀
contract vi. 收缩
react vi.（化学）反应
dissolve vi. 溶解；分解；分离
concentrate vi. 集中（注意力、思想等）
liquid n. 液体
substance n. 物质
mixture n. 混合物
oxygen n. 氧气
conclusion n. 结论
reaction n. 反应
oxide n. 氧化物
balance n. 天平
crucible n. 坩埚
tongs n.（复）夹子；小钳子
flame n. 火焰
facility n.（常作复数）设备；工具
access n. 接近；通路
keyword n. 密码；口令
software n. 软件
breakdown n. 故障
source n. 来源；出处
data n.（复）数据
network n. 网络
percentage n. 百分数；百分率
document n. 文件
invention n. 发明
permission n. 许可
essay n. 文章
disadvantage n. 弊端；缺点
electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的
partial adj. 部分的；局部的
astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的
accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的
military adj. 军事的；军队的
definite adj. 明确的
fantastic adj. 极好的；美妙的
independent adj. 独立的
frequently adv. 时常；经常
sideways adv. 横着地；斜着地
via prep. 途径；经由
三、语法
1. 分数表达法；
2. 形容词的倍数表达法；
3. 形容词比较级表示“越……越……”；
4. 修饰形容词比较级的副词；
5. 合成词；
6. 定冠词the和零冠词的用法。
重点词汇及短语精析 1. conclusion n. 结论
【用法精析】
（1） come to reach a/the conclusion 得出结论，告一段落
I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job.
我断定他不适合做这项工作。
It took me some time to reach the conclusion.
我花了很长时间才得出结论。
（2） draw a/the conclusion 得出结论
I find it difficult to draw a conclusion on that.
我觉得此事难下结论。
（3） in conclusion 最后，综上所述
In conclusion， I would like to thank you for your attention.
最后，谢谢各位的听讲。
【拓展】
conclude vt. 断定；推断出；作出结论
2. aim n. 目标，目的；瞄准
v. 瞄准；力求达到；力争做到
【用法精析】
（1） aim用作名词，表示“目的；目标”，是可数名
词；表示“瞄准”，是不可数名词；
John has only one aim in life—to be a film star.
约翰只有一个目标，就是成为电影明星。
The hunter took aim at the lion and was ready to shoot.
猎人瞄准那只狮子准备好要射击。
（2） 不管用作名词还是动词，aim其后均常接at。
He took aim at the bird， but missed.
他向鸟瞄准，但没射中。
He aimed his gun at the bird， but did not fire.
他用枪瞄准鸟，但没开枪。
（3） aim后一般接at doing sth，有时其后也接for，表示希望达到某个目标；
They’re aiming at training everybody.
他们正力求做到人人得到培训。
We should aim for the best results.
我们要力争取得最好的结果。
（4） aim后接不定式，表示“想要做某事”，有时可与aim at doing sth互换。
He aims to become a computer expert.
= He aims at becoming a computer expert.
他想成为计算机专家。
（5） be aimed at... 目的是；旨在
These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.
这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
（6）“实现目标”在英语中要用动词achieve，一般不用reach。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
3. equipment n. 设备；装备
【用法精析】
比较equipment和facility的区别：
两者都可译作“设备；器材”，但equipment是不可数名词，指用于某一特殊目的的东西、供给品、装备等，如：a piece of equipment；basic kitchen equipment；medical/office equipment；facility是可数名词，常用复数形式。facilities指为特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利，包括设施、场所和服务等等。如：production facilities；facilities for study；facilities for travel；sports facilities；shopping/banking/ cooking facilities。
4. react v.（化学）反应，起反应；（对……）做出反应；
回应
【用法精析】
（1） react （with sth） 起化学反应；发生物理变化
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
（2） react against sb/sth 反对；反抗
He reacted strongly against artistic conventions of his time.
他强烈反对当时的艺术俗套。
5. form v. 形成；产生；养成；培养
n. 形式；类型、表格
【原句呈现】
Burn to form an oxide.
【用法精析】
（1） form good habits 养成好习惯 Children should form good habits from the very beginning.
孩子们从一开始就应养成良好的习惯。
（2） fill out/complete a form 填表
To apply a job， you must fill out a form.
申请工作要填表。
6. contain v. 包含，包括；装有；容纳
【用法精析】
比较contain和include的区别：
contain侧重所含的量与成分；include侧重于对比整体与部分，指某整体包含或容纳某部分，常用于解释或补充说明；include常以including（名词或代词前）或included（名词或代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举例、解释或补充说明。
The basket contains a variety of fruits.
这篮子里装有各种水果。
This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
The money I gave you included Xiao Zhang’s.
我给你的钱里包括了小张的钱。
This dictionary is 100 yuan， postage included.
这本词典连邮费共一百元。
There are ten of us here， including three girls.
= There are ten of us here， three girls included.
7. defence n. 保护；防卫
【用法精析】
（1） defence表示“保卫”或“防御”，后接入侵者或造成危害者用against；若后接被保护者用of。
A thick coat is a good defence against the cold.
一件厚衣服足可以御寒。
This fort was once the main defence of the island.
这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上的主要防御设施。
（2） in defence of 保卫……；为……辩护
Hundreds of people gave their lives in defence of freedom.
千百人为了自由献出了自己的生命。
8. design v. & n. 设计
【用法精析】
（1） be designed for/to do 专为……而做（设置）
The experiment is designed to test the new medicine.
实验的目的是试验新药。
（2） design for 为……设计
（3） by design 故意地；有意地
Do you think he did this by design？
你认为他这样做是有意的吗？
（4） have designs on 对……抱不良企图
9. average adj. 平均的
n. 平均数
【用法精析】
（1） average通常只能放在名词前作定语，不用作表语，且没有比较级；
The average annual per capital income is 10，000 yuan.
年人均收入是一万元。
（2） average表示“一般的；普通的”，可用作定语，也可用作表语。
He is an average man； there’s nothing different about him.
他是个普通人，并没有什么异乎常人的地方。
（3） above/below average 平均水平以上/以下
（4） an average of 平均有
注意：the average of... 作主语，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的平均数”；“an average of + 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数，意为“平均有……”（跟数词）。
（5） on （an/the） average 平均而言；根据平均标准
（6） with an average of 平均为
10. add... to... 往……加入……
Please add my name to the list.
请在名单上加上我的名字。
【拓展】
（1） add in 把……包括在内
Don’t forget to add me in.
别忘了把我也算上。
（2） add up to 总共是；总计为
The costs added up to 1000 dollars.
费用总计为1000美元。
（3） add to 使（数量）增加；使（规模）扩大
The bad weather only added to our difficulties.
恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。 11. used to 过去（常常）……
I used to be a linguist till I become a writer.
过去我是个语言学家，后来成了作家。
【拓展】
（1） be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
I am used to watching TV in the evening.
我习惯于晚上看电视。
（2） be used to do 被用来做（表示被动）
The medicine is used to assuage pain.
这种药用来止痛。
12. be supposed to 应当；理应
【用法精析】
be supposed to中，to是动词不定式符号，不是介词，其后要跟动词原形。
（1） 当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该；被期望”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should；
Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car.
每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。
（2） be supposed to后接have加过去分词，表示“应该做某事而实际没做或没做到”；
You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.
你本该现在把作业交上来的。
（3） be supposed to的否定结构为be not supposed to，意为“不被许可；不应当”。
You are not supposed to wear golf-shoes in the clubhouse.
你不可以在俱乐部里穿高尔夫球鞋。
13. become/be known as 作为……而出名；被称为……； 叫作……
She was known as an excellent dancer.
她作为一名优秀的舞蹈家而闻名。
【拓展】
（1） be known for 因……而众所周知
The fox is known for its cleverness and cunning.
狐狸的机敏和狡猾是人所共知的。
（2） be known to 为……所知
He is known to everyone in this university.
在这所大学里，人人都知道他。
14. compared with/to 与……相比
Compared with/to our small apartment， our uncle’s house seemed like a palace.
跟我们的小公寓比起来，叔叔的房子就像宫殿。
【拓展】
（1） compare... to... 把……比作……
They compare an endangered species to a house that has been left unlocked.
他们将一个受威胁的物种比作一幢没有锁门的房子。
（2） compare... with... 把……和……比较
If you compare the translation with the original， you will find the inaccuracy.
如果你把译文与原文比较一下，你就会找到不准确的地方了。
语法精析精练
考点提示：
1. 单项填空和完形填空中主要考查代词中不定代词的用法。
2. 短文改错中主要考查人称代词和物主代词的正确指代。
一、代词的分类
代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词以及相互代词九类。熟记下面表格中的人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的不同形式。
二、几组易混代词的区别
1. another，other，the other，others和the others
another：（三者或三者以上）表示“另一个、再一个”，可构成“one...，another...”，表示“一个……，另一个……”。用作代词或形容词后接名词时，名词用单数形式；而another后面也可接数词或several，few + 复数名词，表示“再……、又……”，如：another three days（= three more days）。
other：表示“另外的、其他的”。用作形容词时，只作定语；前无修饰词时，常与复数名词连用。
the other：（两者中）表示“另一个”。常可构成“one...， the other...”表示“一个……，另一个……”，可单独使用，也可后接单数或复数名词（后接复数名词时，表示另一方的其余全部）。
others：泛指别的人或物。常可构成“some...，others...”表示“一些……，另一些……”。
the others：特指某一限定范围内的其余的人或物。
2. both，either，neither，all，any和none 〈注意〉（1） both，all以及everybody，everyone，everything等用在否定句中表示部分否定，意思是“并非……都……”；而neither，none，nobody，no one，nothing以及not... any/either用在句中表示全部否定。
（2） both后可接复数可数名词，neither和either后面只能接单数可数名词；all后可接复数可数名词或不可数名词；any表示“任一”时，后接单数名词，但表示“一些”（在否定句、疑问句或条件句中）时，后接复数可数名词或不可数名词；none后面不能接名词。
3. 替代词that，those，one，ones，the one，the ones
当句子中名词与前面名词相同时，为了避免重复，使用替代词来代替。
that，those表特指。that可替代特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词；those替代特指的复数可数名词。
one，ones表泛指，只能替代可数名词。one替代前面出现的单数可数名词，相当于a/an + 单数可数名词；ones替代前面出现的复数可数名词。
the one，the ones表特指，只能替代可数名词。the one替代前面的单数可数名词，相当于that；the ones替代前面的复数可数名词，相当于those。
4. none，no one/nobody，nothing
none既可指人，也可指物；可指代可数名词和不可数名词，且有特指概念和数的概念（特指代前面提到的人或物），表示“一个也没有、一点儿也没有”，可用来回答how many/much引导的疑问句，其后可接of 介词短语。
no one与nobody等同，只能指人，且表泛指概念“没有任何人”，可用来回答who引导的疑问句，其后不能接of 介词短语。
nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念“什么也没有”，可用来回答what引导的疑问句，其后不能接of 介词短语。
三、it的用法
1. 用作代词
（1） 指代前面提到的事物、不明性别或身份的人；
（2） 指代前面句子的内容或未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况；
（3） 指时间、距离、自然现象、环境等；
2. it用于强调结构，构成强调句型“It is/was...that/who...”；
3. it用作形式主语和形式宾语，代替真正主语：动词不定式、动名词（少数结构中）或主语从句；it用作形式宾语，代替真正宾语：动词不定式、动名词（少数结构中）或宾语从句。
1. （2012年四川卷） New technologies have made ___ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
A. that B. this
C. one D. it
2. （2012年全国卷Ⅰ） Larry asked Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him， but ___ of them wants to， because they have work to do.
A. either B. any
C. neither D. none
3. （2012年全国卷Ⅱ） Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
A. herself B. this
C. that D. it
4. （2012年重庆卷） — John， when shall we meet again，
Thursday or Friday？
— ___ . I’ll be off to London then.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. None
5. （2012年山东卷） Maria has written two novels， both of ___ have been made into television series.
A. them B. that
C. which D. what
6. （2012年浙江卷） Studying Wendy’s menu， I found that many of the items are similar to ___ of McDonald’s.
A. those B. ones
C. any B. all
7. （2012年辽宁卷） If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand， could you get ___ for me？
A. one B. such
C. this D. that
8. （2012年陕西卷） No matter where he is， he makes ___ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
A. him B. this
C. that D. it
9. （2012年江苏卷） Sophia waited for a reply， but ___ came. A. either B. another
C. neither D. none
10. We’ve been looking for houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.
A. one B. it
C. that D. them
11. The bike you referred to isn’t ___ . It belongs to ___ .
A. hers； mine B. his； her
C. her； his D. your； hers
12. I would appreciate ___ very much if you could give me some useful information.
A. it B. this
C. that D. you
13. — Who could do a thing like that？
— ___ but a brave man， I’m afraid.
A. Everybody B. Somebody
C. Nobody D. Anybody
14. Mary didn’t want ___ of the two kinds and asked the shop assistant to show her ___ .
A. both； the other B. all； the others
C. either； another D. any； another
15. — Shall we go to see a film or play computer games？
— ___ . I’d like to go sightseeing around the lake.
A. Neither B. Either
C. Both D. None
16. Many lovers in our country make ___ a rule to exchange presents on Valentine’s Day.
A. them B. this
C. that D. it
17. He is honest and warm-hearted. ___ is why we trust him.
A. It B. That
C. This D. Which
18. — Victor certainly cares too much about himself.
— Yes. He’s never interested in what ___ is doing.
A. everyone B. anyone else
C. someone else D. anyone
19. — Oh， no！ This stupid computer has crashed again！
— Well， you can try ___ one， since there are so many
available.
A. another B. other
C. the other D. others
20. — Which do you prefer， a bottle of orange or a bottle of
milk？
— ___ ， thanks. I’d like just a cup of tea.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. None
21. — I have lots of good friends， but I can never find a friend
indeed in my hour of need.
— Don’t be discouraged. ___ is sure to turn up.
A. He B. That
C. One D. Any
22. The protection of our environment is not ___ to be left to the government. Everyone should be concerned.
A. nothing B. anything
C. something D. everything
23. — I saw a very good shirt in that shop. Will you go and buy
___ ？
— I’d rather you bought one in ___ shops.
A. it； other B. it； others
C. one； another D. one； the other
24. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Brown without hurting the feeling of ___ ， but failed. A. none B. either
C. all D. neither
25. My seat was next to ___ of the famous writer so I could ask for some advice from him about writing.
A. it B. one
C. that D. those
综合能力提升
（满分120分；时间80分钟）
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. When you bend your elbow， you ___ the muscles of the arm.
A. narrow B. contract
C. shorten D. afford
2. Criticism of the police reaction to the attacks has ___ the mix of emotions.
A. added anger in B. been added anger in
C. added anger to D. been added anger to
3. On average， European boards have ___ foreign directors as they do women.
A. twice as many B. twice as much
C. as twice as many D. as twice as much
4. There appeared an ___ look on her face on hearing the ___ story.
A. astonished； astonishing B. astonished； astonished
C. astonishing； astonishing D. astonishing； astonished
5. This photo shows how the roots of plants ___ into the earth.
A. push down B. push away
C. push on D. push out
6. Do you mean ___ points you get， ___ racer you are？
A. The less； the better B. The fewer； the better
C. Less； better D. Fewer； the better
7. We don’t need such an expensive car. We must ___ expenses.
A. put down B. turn down
C. keep down D. push down
8. This spaceship ___ a number of scientific instruments， ___ a television camera.
A. contains； including B. includes； including
C. contains； included D. includes； included
9. ___ ， I knew I would never scold my son for imperfect grades.
A. From that moment on B. At the moment
C. Since that moment D. For a moment
10. — What do you remember John Von Neumann as？
— As ___ inventor of ___ computer.
A. /； the B. the； the
C. the； / D. /； /
11. If any problem arises， don’t hesitate ___ me at home.
A. call B. to call
C. calling D. to calling
12. As he predicted， the price of oil is ___ .
A. going away B. going down
C. going off D. going by
13. Pyramids have been built at various times and places； the ___ are those of Egypt and of Central and South America.
A. well-known B. better-known
C. most-known D. best-known
14. We make him eat so much that he won’t ___ it for a fortnight.
A. take off B. put up C. go down D. get over
15. — It’ll take at least 2 hours to do this！
— ___ I could do it in 30 minutes.
A. Come on！ B. Pardon me！
C. Definitely. D. Don’t mention it.
第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
A friend of mine told me a story which I want to share with you. One day not too long ago the employees of a large company in St Louis， Missouri returned from their lunch break and were 16 with a sign on the front door. The sign said， “Yesterday the person who has been 17 you from growing up in this company 18 . We invite you to join the funeral in the room that has been 19 in the gym.”
At first everyone was 20 to hear that one of their 21
had died， but after a while they started getting 22 about who this person might be. The excitement 23 as the employees arrived at the 24 to pay their last respects. Everyone 25 ， “Who is this person who was preventing my 26 ？ Well， at least he’s no longer here！” One by one the employees got closer to the coffin and when they looked inside it they suddenly became 27 . They stood over the coffin， shocked and in silence， 28 someone had touched part of their soul 29 .
There was a 30 inside the coffin： everyone who looked inside it could see himself. There was also a sign next to it that said， “There is only one person who is 31 to set limits to your progress： it is YOU. You are the only person who can control your life. You are the only person who can 32 your happiness， your realization and your 33 . You are the only person who can help yourself.”
Your life does not 34 when your boss changes， or when your friends change. Your life does not change when your parents change， when your partner changes， or when your company changes. Your life changes when you change， when you go 35 your limiting beliefs， when you realize that you are the only one responsible for your life.
16. A. satisfied B. familiar C. happy D. greeted
17. A. preventing B. separating C. leaving D. interrupting
18. A. died away B. gave away C. passed away D. got away
19. A. surrounded B. prepared C. decorated D. done
20. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. disappointed
21. A. bosses B. colleagues C. parents D. friends
22. A. curious B. cold C. angry D. confused
23. A. discovered B. reduced C. grew D. spread
24. A. building B. gym C. hall D. office
25. A. said B. cried C. wondered D. talked
26. A. progress B. confidence C. suggestion D. speed 27. A. speechless B. careless C. hopeless D. harmless
28. A. even though B. even if C. as if D. as with
29. A. sharply B. firmly C. gently D. deeply
30. A. lady B. gentleman C. mirror D. worker
31. A. determined B. willing C. able D. likely
32. A. lose B. influence C. destroy D. recognize
33. A. success B. skill C. failure D. marriage
34. A. turn B. change C. continue D. return
35. A. for B. after C. beyond D. over
第二部分 阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
My children thought I was lonely， so they gave me a computer to make friends over the Internet. Was I lonely？ I suppose I was. I had my family， of course， but I can’t talk to them like you can talk to your husband. I’d been widowed for 26 years， but my life was too full bringing up my two children.
When my son， Thomas， set up the computer and Fiona， my daughter， signed me up to the dating site match.com， I thought I’d give it a try. I had a book about how to use the Internet and followed that， teaching myself the ropes.
You can contact anyone who takes your fancy. I started e-mailing one man， and there was something about his face that attracted me. I just knew I liked the look of him and sent him a “wink”， a way of saying a quick hello through the website. We began to write to each other and he sent me romantic poems that I used to print out. He told me he’d been married for 51 years but was now a widower. Like me， friends had told him to go online to find somebody to talk to.
We began chatting several times a day and he would ring at midnight just to hear my voice. He told me now that that was what made him fall in love with me. Aged 76 and 77， we both felt like 16-year-olds embarking on（开始）our first relation-ship. When the phone rang， my heart would miss a beat.
A month later， he proposed， and we got married in January 7—three months after that first “wink”. Stuart moved up to my village of Port Gordon， and my family liked him instantly. My grandchildren were soon calling him Granddad or Granddad Stuart. A friend said she wished she could be like me and find someone online， but the thing is I felt just like her for years： I thought I’d end my days on my own. I’m so glad I’ve met Stuart. I picked a good one.
36. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean？
A. Wants to marry you.
B. Falls in love with you.
C. Likes surfing the Internet.
D. Attracts and pleases you. 37. It can be inferred from the passage that ___ .
A. the author desired to have a partner
B. the author had been married for 26 years
C. the author’s daughter taught her how to use the Internet
D. the author’s family didn’t accept Stuart at first
38. When did the author say a quick hello to Stuart for the first time？
A. About in December. B. About in October.
C. About in February. D. About in April.
39. Why did Stuart surf the Internet in his seventies？
A. His children bought him a computer.
B. He wanted to seek for a new family.
C. He wanted to have a feeling of being young.
D. His friends advised him to do so.
B
April Fool’s Party
On Friday， April 1， Inner Affair goes back to the days of fear！ Classic Beat from the 70s and 80s by DJs Den & Sion from 9：00 pm till late.
Tickets： Free entrance for those in costume， otherwise 50 yuan （US $6）
Time/Date： 9：00 pm， April 1
Place： Inner Affair， 1/F， Qiankun Dasha， 6 Sanlitun Xiliujie， Chaoyang District
Tel： 8454 0321
Language in Use
Enjoy free in house coffee， tea and beer as well as music and dancing. Practice your Chinese， make friends and have fun.
Time/Date： 7：00 to 9：00 pm， March 25
Place： Language In Use Club， 2/F， Science Fortune Center， 8 Xueqing Lu， north of Xueyuan Lu， Haidian District
The “Worst” Party
Organized by O-zone Productions， the party is set to be “the worst ever”， with the weakest music from the 60s， 70s and 80s. Special prizes will be given to the worst dressed or for bad fashion sense.
Tickets： Free entrance
Time/Date： 9：00 pm， April 1
Place： Pula Pula， Tianze Lu， Oriental Seven Colours Plaza， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6466 8575
La Nuit Francaise
Again on the 2nd Thursday of the month， La Nuit Francaise will be held at Le Rendez-vous. The monthly event is a chance for all French people and everyone interested in France or speaking French to gather together. The evening offers three glasses of wine and canapés（小片开胃面包）for guests， and a special exhibition.
Time/Date： 7：00 to 10：00 pm， April 14
Place： Le Rendez-vous， 3 Gongti Beilu， across from the Pacific Century Plaza， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6462 9110
Marco V
Dutch DJ Marco V drops by Banana for a performance which is supported by Hong Kong’s DJ Spark. Marco V has been around for many years， as an inventive-style DJ and a successful producer who shows great fondness of his work. His beat is energetic， crowd-pleasing and never sees an empty dance floor. He was No.15 in this year’s inter-national DJ MAG DJ Top100.
Tickets： 40 yuan （US $4.80） in advance， 50 yuan （US $6） at the door， both including a free drink
Time/Date： 10：00 pm to 4：00 am， March 31， April 1
Place： Banana， in the lobby（大厅）of the Scitech Hotel， 22 Jianwai Dajie， Chaoyang District
Tel： 6528 3636
40. Which of the following is true according to the first and third advertisement？
A. The two parties will be held on different days.
B. The two parties will be held at different times.
C. The entrance cost of the two parties will not be charged.
D. Some old music will be played at the two parties.
41. Which of the following is prepared for the Chinese learners？
A. Marco V. B. La Nuit Francaise.
C. Language in use. D. The “worst” party.
42. We can infer from the passage that ___ .
A. Marco V is a newly founded organization
B. La Nuit Francaise may be French words
C. the “worst” party will attract a lot of college students
D. you will enjoy free drink at April Fool’s party
C
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry， you must be good at saying it yourself， especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you， but...”， what follows that “but” can make the apology ineffective： “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you are upset”； this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general， all covering apology， which avoids the necessity of recognizing a specific act that was particularly hurtful， and the person who is apologizing should promise never to do it again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not make any sense.
These false apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength， and therefore not make use of these false apologies. But even when presented with examples of really being sorry， children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in under-standing that other children feel pain just as he does， and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that destroying other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that taking the biscuit without asking permission is acceptable， but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
43. According to the author， saying “I’m sorry you are upset” most probably means that ___ .
A. you have a good reason to get upset
B. I know you are upset， but I’m not to blame
C. I apologize for hurting your feelings
D. I’m at fault for making you upset
44. We can learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry， ___ .
A. their apologies should be persuasive
B. their ages should be taken into consideration
C. parents need to set them a good example
D. parents should be patient and honest
45. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is ___ .
A. a social problem calling for immediate attention
B. not necessary among family members
C. a sign of social progress
D. not as simple as it seems
第三部分 写作（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs， but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of addictions. Some people are compulsive（难以自制的）shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.
Over the years， shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more every day， but it’s more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they don’t need. Even though they don’t have enough money， they buy everything they want.
The question is： why do they have this addiction？ There isn’t a specific answer. Some people go shopping when they are sad， worried， upset or lonely and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. Shopa-holics say that they feel more important and better after they buy something. They also tend to（有……的倾向）have this addiction when they feel guilty. Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction， but it can ___________ . Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case， people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However， the process， like for most addictions， is long， and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings， so they spend money they don’t have. They get deep in debt， and they can even go bankrupt（破产）and get sent to prison.
46. List three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text. （Please answer within 8 words）
①
②
③
47. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3？ （Please answer within 8 words）
48. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. （Please answer within 6 words）
49. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one？
Accordingly， these shopaholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop compulsive shopping.
50. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. The materials of construction problem is eased by the lower ____（煮沸）point.
52. They jumped and swam or just ____（漂浮）around enjoying their watery home.
53. Does the total price of all ____（设备）include engineering cost？
54. You’ll never be able to ____（超过）that driver. He’s such a road hog.
55. The weakness in our psychological ____（防卫）is something we must take seriously.
56. These ideas gradually combined with the existing religious beliefs to f a new philosophy.
57. An o subway train， approaching the station， can be twice as loud as the loudest jet.
58. Furthermore， there exist several articles in criminal law c strict obligation.
59. The government has d housing projects for low-income families.
60. On a ， 100 people choke to death on ballpoint pens every year.
第三节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
This is a fact that Senior Three students are working hard at
61. ___
their lessons， hope to improve their academic performance and 62. ___
pass the College Entrance Examination. But that worries me 63. ___
is that a large number of students is not active in taking physical 64. ___
exercise. The reason is because they don’t pay enough attention 65. ___
to the importance of regular exercise. In fact， it’s very important 66. ___
of students to have sports every day. Experts say physical exercise
67. ___
is great importance for their physical and mental health， 68. ___
when a lack of sleep or exercise may cause them to feel sleepy in 69. ___
class， which in the end led to students performing badly in exams. 70. ___
第四节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是王平，五年前出国留学，如今回国后发现家乡发生了巨变。请根据下列提示，用英语给你在美国的同学Jack写一封e-mail，告诉他你的家乡在以下方面的变化。
1. 交通方面；
2. 住房方面；
3. 通讯方面；
4. 其他方面。
注意：
1. 词数：120左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可根据内容要点适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
I’ve come back to my hometown safe and sound.
Best wishes to you！
Yours sincerely，
Wang Ping