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目的:探讨临床医学本科阶段“儿科学”线上教学的应用方法及效果。方法:选取2020年在儿科医学院进行“儿科学”教学的两个班级学生作为研究对象；2016级临床医学“5+3”班67人，采取“提供录制教学资源和在线交流答疑”（简称“录播课程”）形式教学；2015级临床医学“5+3”班39人，采取“直播课程和在线交流答疑”（简称“直播课程”）形式教学。通过对两组学生问卷调查，比较两种线上教学方式的效果，收集医学生对线上教学的看法和建议。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:大部分学生（98.1%）都认同此次儿科学线上教学的效果，认为其能够满足学习需要。录播课程组和直播课程组对于线上教学的效果评价无明显差异（n P>0.05）。但医学生普遍对未来采取全程线上教学认可度不高，而对线上教学结合线下实践的教学方式认可度更高。n 结论:儿科学线上教学得到了医学生的认可，两种线上教学方式各有优势：录播课程计划性更强，内容更为严谨；直播课程实时互动，灵活性更高。但考虑到医学是一门实践性很强的学科，在发挥线上教学的优势的同时，仍需线下实践内容的补充。“,”Objective:To explore the application method and effect of online teaching of pediatrics in undergraduate clinical medicine.Methods:From March to August, 2020, two classes of pediatrics were selected as research objects: 67 students from Batch 2016 “5+3” clinical medicine class were taught by providing recorded teaching resources and online communication and answering questions (hereinafter referred to as “recorded courses”); 39 students from Batch 2015 “5+3” clinical medicine class were taught by live courses and online communication and answering questions (hereinafter referred to as “live courses”). Through the questionnaire survey on the two groups of students, the effect of the two online teaching methods were compared and the medical students' views and suggestions on them were collected. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:Most of the students in the two groups (98.1%) agreed with the effect of the online teaching of pediatrics and thought it could meet their learning needs. There was no significant difference in the online teaching effect between recorded courses group and live courses group (n P > 0.05). However, they had a poor recognition with the implementation of complete online teaching in the future, while they preferred the combination of online teaching with practical exercises in offline hospitals.n Conclusion:Online teaching of pediatrics has been recognized by medical students. The two online teaching methods have their own advantages: recorded courses are more planned and the content is more rigorous; live courses are more interactive and flexible. However, considering that medicine is a highly practical subject, it still needs to be supplemented by offline practice while giving full play to the advantages of online teaching.