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为阐明长江上游鱼类全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)的残留分布,本研究于2013年分3次在长江上游不同江段,采集该地主要经济鱼类铜鱼(Coreius heterokon)。采用超高效液相色谱–质谱联用法分析铜鱼肌肉、肝和性腺3种不同组织全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)含量。结果表明,铜鱼组织内PFOS检出率为100%,总体均值为2.72 ng/g(0.33~10.14 ng/g)。PFOS含量水平在肝最高(5.56 ng/g),肌肉次之(1.39 ng/g),性腺最低(0.62 ng/g)。不同组织间差异极显著(K-W test,P<0.01),表明鱼类肝比肌肉和性腺更易于积累PFOS。在不同采集江段,PFOS含量仅在肌肉组织差异显著(ANOVA,P<0.05);在不同年龄组,PFOS含量有随鱼类年龄增长而增高的趋势,且在各组织中差异显著(ANOVA,P≤0.05),该结果表明PFOS含量可能与鱼类摄食内容及生理参数不同有关。与已有研究相比,长江上游铜鱼PFOS暴露水平低于国内外淡水、海水鱼类,目前仍处于一个较低水平。
In order to elucidate the distribution of PFOS in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the study collected Coreius heterokon, a major economic fish, in three different sections of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in 2013. The contents of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in muscle, liver and gonad were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the detection rate of PFOS in copper fish tissues was 100% with a mean of 2.72 ng / g (0.33 ~ 10.14 ng / g). PFOS levels were highest in liver (5.56 ng / g), followed by muscle (1.39 ng / g) and lowest in gonads (0.62 ng / g). The differences among different tissues were significant (K-W test, P <0.01), suggesting that PFOS is more likely to accumulate in fish than in muscle and gonads. The PFOS content in different sampling river sections was only significant difference in muscle tissue (ANOVA, P <0.05). In different age groups, PFOS content increased with the age of fish, and there was significant difference in all tissues (ANOVA, P≤0.05). The results showed that the content of PFOS may be related to the content and physiological parameters of fish. Compared with the previous studies, the PFOS exposure in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is lower than freshwater and marine fish at home and abroad, and is still at a relatively low level.