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食欲素是一种下丘脑兴奋性神经肽,参与调节睡眠、进食、自主神经功能等,并且在血糖稳态调控和能量代谢平衡中也扮演重要角色。食欲素表达神经元整合外周代谢信号,通过食欲素受体(OXR)1和OXR2发挥生理功能。另外,食欲素通过调节胰岛素和瘦素敏感性影响整体糖代谢,尤其是OXR2介导的信号通路可提高瘦素敏感性,从而预防食源性肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。
Orexin is a hypothalamic excitatory neuropeptide that is involved in the regulation of sleep, eating, autonomic function, etc. and also plays an important role in the homeostasis of blood glucose and the balance of energy metabolism. Orexin-expressing neurons integrate peripheral metabolic signals and exert their physiological functions via orexin receptor (OXR) 1 and OXR2. In addition, orexin affects overall glycometabolism by modulating insulin and leptin sensitivity, and in particular, OXR2-mediated signaling enhances leptin sensitivity and thus prevents foodborne obesity and insulin resistance.