论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2013-2015年铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布特征及耐药性变迁,为临床医生合理用药提供科学依据。方法分析2013年1月-2015年12月临床分离的692株铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布和耐药性,分离培养鉴定按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行,药敏试验采用MIC法,数据采用WHONET5.4统计处理。结果 2013-2015年共检出铜绿假单胞菌692株,其中从痰中检出573株,占82.80%;感染科室主要分布在呼吸内科、ICU。2013-2014年,铜绿假单胞菌对各类抗菌药物耐药率较高,而多粘菌素B、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦仍具有较好的抗菌活性。2015年,耐药率呈下降趋势。3年间,多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌检出率为36.3%,泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌检出率为0.7%。结论铜绿假单胞菌耐药情况较为严重,应加强耐药性监测,合理使用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌株的产生和流行,控制医院感染。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution and change of drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 2013 to 2015 and provide scientific basis for rational use of drugs by clinicians. Methods The clinical distribution and drug resistance of 692 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from January 2013 to December 2015 were analyzed. The isolation, culture and identification were performed according to the “National Clinical Laboratory Procedures”. The MIC method was used for drug susceptibility testing. Data WHONET5.4 statistical processing. Results A total of 692 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in 2013-2015, of which 573 were detected in sputum, accounting for 82.80%. The infection departments were mainly located in Respiratory Medicine and ICU. From 2013 to 2014, Pseudomonas aeruginosa had a higher resistance rate to all kinds of antibiotics, while polymyxin B and cefoperazone / sulbactam still had good antibacterial activity. In 2015, the drug resistance rate showed a downward trend. In three years, the detection rate of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 36.3% and that of pan-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 0.7%. Conclusions The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more serious. Drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened and antibacterial drugs should be used rationally to reduce the generation and prevalence of drug-resistant strains and to control nosocomial infections.