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采用常规方法,分析尼罗尖吻鲈(Lates niloticus)肌肉营养成分,评判其营养价值。结果表明:尼罗尖吻鲈新鲜肌肉中粗蛋白质含量为192.4mg·g-1,粗脂肪为13.2mg·g-1,灰分为10.4mg·g-1,水分为783.6mg·g-1。肌肉中含18种氨基酸,干重含量为789.7mg·g-1,人体必需的8种氨基酸干重含量为335.0mg·g-1,其中赖氨酸为79.0mg·g-1,分别是CS和AAS标准的1.26和1.63倍;第1限制性氨基酸是蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,第2限制性氨基酸为色氨酸;4种鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸比例为31.01%,必需氨基酸指数为73.16。脂肪酸种类丰富,人体必需脂肪酸C18:2(亚油酸)占总脂肪酸比例为10.75%,EPA(C20:5)和DHA(C22:6)分别为0.97%和2.13%。微量元素种类较多,比例合理。与其他几种鱼相比,肌肉蛋白质和氨基酸含量较高,氨基酸组成合理,富含人体必需脂肪酸和微量元素,有较高的营养价值和保健功能。
The nutrient content of muscle in Lates niloticus was analyzed by routine method and the nutritional value was evaluated. The results showed that crude protein was 192.4 mg · g-1, crude fat was 13.2 mg · g-1, ash content was 10.4 mg · g-1, water content was 783.6 mg · g-1. Muscle contains 18 kinds of amino acids, the dry weight content of 789.7mg · g-1, the body’s eight kinds of amino acids dry weight content of 335.0mg · g-1, of which lysine 79.0mg · g-1, respectively, CS 1.26 and 1.63 times higher than that of AAS. The first restricted amino acid was methionine + cystine, the second restricted amino acid was tryptophan. The four kinds of umami amino acids accounted for 31.01% of the total amino acids and the essential amino acid index was 73.16. The fatty acids are rich in fatty acids. The ratio of essential fatty acids C18: 2 (linoleic acid) to total fatty acids is 10.75%, EPA (C20: 5) and DHA (C22: 6) are 0.97% and 2.13% respectively. More types of trace elements, a reasonable proportion. Compared with several other kinds of fish, muscle protein and amino acid content is high, amino acid composition is reasonable, rich in essential fatty acids and trace elements, have high nutritional value and health care functions.