诺贝尔经济学奖得主、美国经济学家迈克洋·斯宾塞以研究劳动市场上的信息不对称问题著称。根据斯宾塞的理论,劳动市场是一个信息不对称市场。这就是说,劳动市场上雇主和求职者之间信息是不对称的。求职者的信息包括雇主很容易获得的公开信息,例如:年龄、学历、毕业学校、所学专业等等,也包括实际能力、个人性格与爱好、勤奋程度等雇主不易获得的私人信息。雇主总想找到最好的雇员,但他们佣有的信息比求职者少。同样,用人的雇主也有一些私人信息是求职者所不了解的。求职者想找到好的工作,但他们拥有的信息也比雇 Nobel laureate in economics, the United States economist Mike Yang Spencer to study the labor market asymmetric information known. According to Spencer’s theory, the labor market is an asymmetric information market. This means that the information between employers and job seekers in the labor market is not symmetrical. Candidates’ information includes public information that is readily available to employers, such as age, education, schooling, and majors, as well as personal information that is not readily available to employers, such as practical abilities, personal traits and hobbies, and hard work. Employers always want to find the best employees, but they have less information than job seekers. Similarly, employer employers also have some personal information that job seekers do not understand. Job seekers want to find good jobs, but they also have more information than hires