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碳排放权市场的功能不仅仅是解决温室气体排放的市场化手段,更是以排放权交易为核心的碳金融体系对低碳经济发展的贡献。在制定排放权市场法律制度时,应当把时空因素对排放权市场的影响纳入考量范围,如排放权的存储、借贷和调控等。在全国统一的法律制度框架下,通过鼓励排放权交易所之间的竞争和国际合作逐步推进我国排放权市场的一体化,排放权这一降低社会减排成本的制度设计才能得以有效实现。排放权市场的发展还涉及代内公平和代际公平问题。只有当代人和后代人共同的积极努力,协调立法行动确定科学的减排目标,进行持续性的立法评估,才能推动温室气体的有效控制,为低碳经济的发展提供坚实的立法基础。
The function of carbon emission right market is not only a market-oriented solution to greenhouse gas emissions, but also a contribution made by the carbon finance system with carbon emissions trading as the core to the development of a low-carbon economy. When formulating the legal system of the market for emission rights, the impact of the space-time factors on the market for emission rights should be taken into consideration, such as the storage, lending and control of emission rights. Under the framework of a unified national legal system, we can effectively realize the system of emission reduction, which is to reduce the cost of social emission reduction, by encouraging the competition among emission rights exchanges and international cooperation to gradually promote the integration of China’s emission rights market. The development of the emission rights market also involves the issue of equity and intergenerational equity within and among generations. Only by making concerted efforts by contemporary people and future generations, coordinating legislative action to set scientific emission reduction targets and carrying out continuous legislative assessment can we effectively control greenhouse gases and provide a solid legal basis for the development of a low-carbon economy.