Many shape memory alloys can support large recoverable strains of a few percent by reversible stress-induced martensite transformation,yet they behave non-linear within a narrow operating temperature range.Developing the bulk metallic materials with ultra-large linear elasticity over a wide temperature range has proven to be difficult.In this work,a material design concept was proposed,that is true elastic deformation and reversible twinning-detwinning deformation run in parallel to overcome this challenge.By engineering the residual internal stress to realize the concurrency of true elastic deformation and twinning-detwinning deformation,a bulk nanocrystalline NiTi that possesses an ultra-large linear elastic strain up to 5.1 ％ and a high yield stress of 2.16 GPa over a wide temperature range of 270 ℃ was developed.This study offers a new avenue for developing the metallic materials with ultra-large linear elasticity over a wide temperature range of 270 ℃ (from 70 ℃ to-197 ℃).