本文尝试用层次分析法、模糊数学、模式识别、机器学习等其它软科学方法，结合专家经验，对受损构件、受损结构进行定量评估，并提出了一种通用的模糊评估法，作为对现行的基于概率论的可靠度理论的一种补充。文中阐述了该方法的理论背景、数学基础和应用方法，并给出了相应的算例。 This paper attempts to use quantitative analysis method, fuzzy mathematics, pattern recognition, machine learning and other soft science methods, combined with expert experience to quantitatively evaluate damaged components and damaged structures, and proposes a general fuzzy evaluation method. A supplement to the current theory of reliability based on probability theory. In this paper, the theoretical background, mathematics foundation and application methods of the method are described, and the corresponding examples are given.