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目的探讨新生儿1分钟Apgar评分及其相关影响因素。方法以安徽省某市级妇婴保健院一年间住院分娩的产妇作为研究对象,使用Apgar评分法对新生儿进行评分,采用自编调查表进行问卷调查。结果Apgar评分为1分钟8～10分者1875人(73.78%)。4～7分426人(16.77%),0～3分240人(9.45%)。Apgar评分1分钟和5分钟评分平均分别为7.69分±2.27分、9.01分±1.89分,二者呈高度相关(Pearson相关系数r=0.841,P<0.001);多因素有序结果的累积比数logistic回归分析显示:产妇年龄(OR=1.04)、产妇职业为农民(OR=2.22)、产次(OR=1.26)、阴道助产(OR:4.93)、剖宫产(OR=1.95)、妊娠高血压综合征(OR=1.42)、妊娠期蛋白尿(OR=1.44)、新生儿性别男性(OR=1.23)、新生儿体重<2500g(低体重,LBW)(OR=2.94)、新生儿先天畸形(OR=12.12)、孕周<37周(早产)(OR=1.22)、分娩时并发症(OR=5.04)为危险因素;而产妇学历年限(OR=0.91)、有产前检查(OR=0.48)、新生儿身长(OR:0.88)、单胎(OR=0.57)为保护因素。结论新生儿1分钟Apgar评分受多种因素影响,应加强社区产妇早期保健,早期发现和控制孕期高危因素。
Objective To explore the 1-minute Neonatal Apgar score and its related factors. Methods A maternal hospitalized for delivery at a maternal and child health center in a city of Anhui Province was selected as the research object. Neonates were scored by Apgar score method and questionnaire was conducted by self-made questionnaire. Results The Apgar score was 1875 (73.78%) in 8-10 minutes. 4 to 7 points 426 people (16.77%), 0 to 3 points 240 people (9.45%). Apgar score 1 minute and 5 minutes averaged 7.69 points ± 2.27 points, 9.01 points ± 1.89 points, the two were highly correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.841, P <0.001); the cumulative ratio of multivariate orderly results Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age (OR = 2.22), parity (OR = 1.26), vaginal delivery (OR: 4.93), cesarean section (OR = 1.95), pregnancy Hypertensive syndrome (OR = 1.42), gestational albuminuria (OR = 1.44), neonatal male gender (OR = 1.23), neonatal body weight <2500g (low body weight, LBW) (OR = 12.12), gestational age <37 weeks (premature birth) (OR = 1.22) and complications during childbirth (OR = 5.04) were risk factors, while maternal age (OR = 0.91) = 0.48), length of newborn (OR: 0.88) and singleton (OR = 0.57) as protective factors. Conclusion The 1-minute Apgar score in neonates is influenced by many factors. Early-stage maternal health care should be strengthened and early detection and control of high risk factors during pregnancy should be strengthened.