一、改革的背景和进程波兰是一个有4000万人口的国家,其国土面积和人口总量在东欧都是较大的。波兰曾于1954年和1982年两次进行过养老保险制度改革,进入90年代以来,原有养老保险制度的弊端日益突出,要求进一步改革原有制度的呼声越来越高。 First, the background and process of reform Poland is a country with a population of 40 million, its land area and population in Eastern Europe are larger. Poland had carried out pension insurance reform twice in 1954 and 1982, and since the 1990s, the drawbacks of the original pension insurance system have become increasingly prominent. The demand for further reform of the original system is getting louder and louder.