对辽宁省大连市瓦房店刺参养殖池塘海水菌群结构组成和变化情况进行分析,采集不同时期刺参养殖池塘海水,扩增细菌16S r DNA基因V3可变区序列,进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE),分析指纹图谱,并对主要条带进行切胶、回收和测序。结果表明,不同时期海水各样品的多样性指数在1.994 5~2.230 5之间,均匀度差异不大,样品的丰富度在42~48之间。不同时期海水中3月和9月的菌群结构最为相近(80%),6月与其他各时期聚类距离最大。对39个主要条带的测序结果表明,12个条带与未培养细菌相近,1个条带与放线菌纲(Actinobacteridae)的菌株相似,另外26个条带相似菌株分别归类为黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteria)、α-变形菌纲(Alpha proteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gamma proteobacteria)。黄杆菌纲、α-变形菌纲和γ-变形菌纲在各时期海水中均有出现,其中黄杆菌纲优势度最高,占23.8%~50.0%。不同时期养殖池塘海水菌群的结构相对稳定,但具体菌种存在差异。 The composition and changes of seawater microbial community structure in the sea cucumber ginseng ponds in Dalian Wafangdian, Dalian, Liaoning Province, were analyzed. Sea cucumber was collected from sea cucumber in different periods to amplify the V3 variable region of bacterial 16S r DNA gene. The denaturing gradient gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to analyze the fingerprints and the primary bands were gelled, recovered and sequenced. The results showed that the diversity indices of seawater samples varied from 1.994 5 to 2.230 5 in different periods with little difference in evenness and between 42 and 48 samples. In different periods, the flora in March and September in the seawater was the closest (80%), with the largest clustering distance in June from other periods. The sequencing results of 39 major bands showed that 12 bands were similar to those of uncultured bacteria. One band was similar to Actinobacteridae and the other 26 bands were classified as Flavobacterium Flavobacteria, Alpha proteobacteria, Gamma proteobacteria. The flavobacteria, a-proteobacteria and γ-proteobacteria appeared in the seawater of all periods, with the highest degree of dominant species, accounting for 23.8% -50.0%. The structure of seawater flora in aquaculture ponds was relatively stable in different periods, but there were differences in specific species.