论文部分内容阅读
目的通过调查诸暨市结核病发病情况与结核病流行病学特征,分析患者发病的相关因素,以针对性地实施预防对策。方法通过随机抽取诸暨市2010年1月-2014年12月3所医院进行预防登记的结核病患者临床病历资料进行研究,统计患者发病情况及性别构成、不同治疗方法和预后等情况。选取诸暨市人民医院2014年1月-2014年12月期间发病的52例患者为观察组,另以52例未患结核疾病的健康人群为对照组,分析结核病发病的相关因素。结果诸暨市2010-2014年期间,结核病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,且发病最高为2014年,发病率为64.14/10万;最低为2010年,发病率为36.61/10万。经痰涂检查发现,2010-2014年间,各年涂阳率呈下降趋势。最低是2014年,为3.51%;最高是2010年,为46.88%。该市男性发病率较女性高;患者发病主要以浸润型肺结核为主;总体预后较好。调查发现,影响患者发病的因素主要为:吸烟、睡眠时间短、摄食肉类及结核病患者密切接触和体育锻炼等;经多因素分析发现,摄食肉类、不翻晒被褥、睡眠时间短及体育锻炼少和结核病患者密切接触为患者发病的高危因素。结论诸暨市结核病发病率仍呈上升趋势,但涂阳率呈下降趋势;结核病发病影响因素较多,因此需加强管理,增强患者体质等,从而可有利于结核疾病预防。
Objective To investigate the incidence of tuberculosis and the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Zhuji City and analyze the related factors of the incidence of tuberculosis in order to carry out preventive measures in a targeted manner. Methods The data of clinical records of TB patients randomly selected from Zhuji City from January 2010 to December 2014 were collected and analyzed. The incidence, sex composition, different treatment methods and prognosis of patients were analyzed. Fifty-two patients in Zhuji People’s Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 were selected as observation group and 52 healthy people without tuberculosis as control group, and the related factors of tuberculosis incidence were analyzed. Results The incidence of tuberculosis in Zhuji City increased year by year from 2010 to 2014, and the highest incidence was in 2014, the incidence was 64.14 / 100000. The lowest was 2010, the incidence was 36.61 / 100000. After sputum smear examination found that between 2010-2014, the rate of smear in each year showed a downward trend. The lowest is 2014, 3.51%; the highest is 2010, 46.88%. The incidence of males in the city is higher than that in females; the incidence of patients is mainly infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis; the overall prognosis is good. The survey found that the main factors affecting the incidence of patients: smoking, short sleep time, close contact with meat and tuberculosis patients and physical exercise, etc .; the multivariate analysis found that eating meat, not drying the sun, sleeping time is short and physical exercise Fewer and tuberculosis patients close contact with the risk factors for the incidence of patients. Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Zhuji City is still on the rise, but the rate of smearing is on the decline. There are many factors affecting the incidence of tuberculosis. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management and enhance the physique of patients so as to be beneficial to the prevention of tuberculosis.