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汉语模态词(modals)有许多有趣的用法,不但为语法化理论提供了重要的研究素材,也凸显出句法和语义间的映射机制,尤其是对解析句子的上层结构有相当大的助益。本文从制图理论(Cartographic Approach)的观点来阐明模态词的语法特质,并解析其分布与诠释的相应关系(Rizzi,1997;Cinque,1999)。同时,我们也引进“结构简化”(structuralsimplification)的观点来分析汉语模态词语法化的历程,以作为解释“模态光谱”(spectrum ofmodality)的基础。
There are many interesting usages of modals in Chinese, which not only provide important research materials for grammaticalization, but also highlight the mapping between syntactic and semantic mechanisms, especially for analyzing the superstructure of sentences . This paper clarifies the grammatical traits of modal words from Cartographic Approach and analyzes the corresponding relationship between their distribution and interpretation (Rizzi, 1997; Cinque, 1999). At the same time, we also introduce “structural simplification” to analyze the process of grammaticalization of Chinese modalities as the basis for the interpretation of “spectrum of modality.”