轮烷类互锁分子因其多样的结构和性质,多年来一直是超分子化学领域的一个热点.综述了近年来轮烷类化合物的合成及制备方法,包括用传统的模板法(引入氢键、疏水作用、静电效应、配位和离子诱导等超分子作用)制备轮烷类化合物.除此之外,还介绍了利用“Click”化学、“穿线-收缩”、“穿线-膨胀”、自排序组织和自由基识别等新的合成手段来制备这类化合物. Due to their diverse structures and properties, rotaxane interlocking molecules have been a hot spot in the field of supramolecular chemistry for many years. The synthesis and preparation methods of rotaxane compounds in recent years are summarized, including the traditional template method , Hydrophobicity, electrostatic effect, coordination and ion-induced supramolecular action) to prepare rotaxane compounds.In addition, the use of “Click ” chemistry, “threading - shrinkage - Expansion ”, since the sort of organization and free radical recognition and other new synthetic means to prepare such compounds.