论文部分内容阅读
从抑制Rhizoctoniasolani的麦田土中分离到木霉菌,依据形态特征,鉴定为Trichodermapseudokoningii,T.parceramosum,T.longibrachiatum和T.harzianum。取样土壤为灰质砂壤土,pH8.4(H2O),位于南澳大利亚的埃文。研究了与生物防治作用机制相关的生理学特性包括几丁质酶活性、β1,3葡聚糖酶活性、内切葡聚糖酶活性、抗菌活性以及重复寄生能力。T.pseudokoningii生长速度快但是产分生孢子少,但是T.parceramosum产分生孢子多。与其他种类相比,Trichodermapseudokoningii的分离频率高,在盆载条件下对小麦Rhizoctoniasolani根腐病以及全蚀病防治效果高,对R.solani的重复寄生能力强。Trichodermapseudokoningii菌株间的重复寄生能力差异不明显,但在几丁质酶活性和β1,3葡聚糖酶活性上有明显差别。依据平板抑菌能力,可将木霉菌株分为3个组。菌株在不同pH培养基上的生长速度不同,但没有发现特别能适应碱性条件而快速生长的菌株,虽然这些菌株都分离自碱性土壤。
Trichoderma were isolated from wheat field soil that inhibits Rhizoctonia solani and were identified as Trichoderma pseudokoningii, T. parceramosum, T. longibrachiatum, and T. harzianum based on their morphological characteristics. The sampled soil is gray sandy loam, pH 8.4 (H2O), located in Evan, South Australia. Physiological characteristics related to the mechanism of biological control including chitinase activity, β1,3 glucanase activity, endoglucanase activity, antibacterial activity and repeated parasitism were studied. T. pseudokoningii grows faster but produces fewer conidia, but T. parceramosum produces more conidia. Compared with other species, Trichoderma pseudokoningii had high frequency of isolation, high resistance to Rhizoctonia solani rot and eclogium in pots under potted conditions, and repeated parasitism to R. solani. There was no significant difference in the repeated parasitism between Trichoderma pseudokoningii strains, but there was a significant difference between chitinase activity and β1,3 glucanase activity. According to the antibacterial ability of the plate, Trichoderma strains can be divided into three groups. The strains grew at different pH mediums at different rates, but no strains that developed particularly rapidly under alkaline conditions were found, although all of these strains were isolated from alkaline soil.