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美国重视控制露天采矿对环境的影响。从矿业权主体获取露天采矿许可的义务设计,到中间环节的监督管理及后期矿区复垦,都设定了严格的环境保护及污染防控措施。采矿管理与其他资源管理或县市规划区的空间协调,有效地避免了露天采矿与资源保护、环境保育和社会发展之间的矛盾。本文解读了美国加州《露天采矿管理与复垦法》关于露天采矿活动和矿区复垦不同环节的管理和规定,希望为我国当前处于简政放权和“多规合一”转型期中的矿产管理、部门职能整合及可持续发展提供借鉴。
The United States places great importance on controlling the environmental impact of surface mining. From the right to obtain the main body of the mining rights of open-pit mining design obligations, to the middle part of the supervision and management and post-mining reclamation, have set strict environmental protection and pollution prevention and control measures. The coordination between mining management and other resource management or the planning districts in counties and cities effectively avoids the conflict between open pit mining and resource conservation, environmental protection and social development. This article explains the management and provisions of the Opencast Mining Management and Reclamation Law of California on the different aspects of opencast mining and reclamation of mining areas and hopes that the current mineral resources in the transitional period of decentralization and multi-regulation in our country Management, integration of departmental functions and sustainable development.