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EPR制度是以现代环境管理原则实现产品系统环境性能改善的一种制度,它要求生产者不仅要对生产过程中的污染负责,而且还要对从产品设计到消费后废弃的全过程负责。本文引入了产品回收对销量的贡献率和设计改进对回收利润的贡献率概念,通过制造商激励与零售商努力投入,建立了闭环供应链委托代理契约模型。基于该模型,制造商可以设计最优激励契约,实现自身期望利润效用的最大化;零售商通过一定的销售努力和回收努力投入(最优努力投入),可获得制造商提供的最优激励支付。从而,通过最优契约,实现闭环供应链的有效协调。
The EPR system is a system based on the principle of modern environmental management to improve the environmental performance of product systems. It requires that producers not only be responsible for the pollution in the production process, but also be responsible for the entire process from product design to post-consumer disposal. This paper introduces the concept of the contribution rate of product recycling to sales volume and the contribution rate of design improvement to profitability. Through the encouragement of retailers and retailers, the contractual model of closed-loop supply chain commissioned agency is established. Based on this model, the manufacturer can design the optimal incentive contract to maximize the profit utility expected by the manufacturer. The retailer can get the optimal incentive payment provided by the manufacturer through a certain amount of sales efforts and recycling efforts (optimal effort) . Thus, through the optimal contract, to achieve efficient coordination of closed-loop supply chain.