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用电超滤、化学测定和钾耗竭法,对四川省13种土壤供钾状况进行研究。结果表明:土壤速效钾与10-35min(Q)、0-35min(I+Q)解吸的钾呈显著正相关;缓效钾与Q、I+Q、30-35min(CD)和5-10min(AB)/CD的值呈显著或极显著正相关。在钾耗竭中,以冷沙黄泥的AB/CD值最大,乐山红沙土次之,矿子黄泥居第三。它们在I(0-10min)时解吸的钾量最大。前两季土壤钾释放快而多,但后劲不足,仍属供钾能力差或较差的土壤。棕紫泥、红棕紫泥、暗紫泥的电超滤值AB/CD、I最小,但CD大,且土壤含钾丰富,在钾耗竭中均属供钾能力最强的土壤。作物产量与吸钾量相关性极显著,与土壤速效钾相关性显著,与缓效钾相关性极显著。钾耗竭随着作物种植次数而增加,更加依赖缓效钾的供应和矿物钾的释放。电超滤法可作为土壤钾素状况研究和土壤供钾能力评定的较好方法。
Using ultrafiltration, chemical determination and potassium depletion methods, the status of potassium supply in 13 soils of Sichuan Province was studied. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between available potassium and desorption potassium at 10-35min (Q) and 0-35min (I + Q), while K + and Q, I + Q at 30-35min (CD) and 5-10min (AB) / CD values were significantly or very significantly positive correlation. In the depletion of potassium, the AB / CD value of the cold sand yellow mud was the largest, Leshan red sand soil second, and the yellow clay of the ore dust third. They desorbed the most potassium at I (0-10 min). The first two quarters of soil potassium release faster and more, but lack of stamina, still for poor or poor potassium soil. Purple, purple purple, dark purple electric ultrafiltration value AB / CD, I minimum, but CD is large, and the soil is rich in potassium, potassium depletion in the potassium are the strongest for the soil. Correlation between crop yield and K uptake was significant, significant correlation with available K, and significant correlation with slow K addition. Potassium depletion increases with the number of crops planted and is more dependent on the availability of slow potassium and the release of mineral potassium. Electro-ultrafiltration can be used as a good method to study soil potassium status and soil potassium availability.