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药物毒性病理学是药物毒性检测的关键环节。传统的形态病理学为临床诊断的金标准,但其主观性突出,只能定性而无法准确定量,故已无法满足人们对药物安全性评价高标准的需求。为更深入地研究分析药物毒性损害和病变,一些能够从不同水平反映毒理学效应终点的新技术、新方法已应用到药物毒性病理学研究中。这些新技术有免疫组织化学、原位杂交、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜技术、激光捕获显微切割技术、流式细胞术、毒理芯片技术、分子影像技术等。它们不仅弥补了传统形态病理学的局限和不足,而且拓宽了毒性病理学的研究思路,必将促使药物毒性病理学飞跃式发展。
Drug toxicity pathology is the key to drug toxicity testing. The traditional morphological pathology is the gold standard for clinical diagnosis, but its subjectivity is prominent and can only be qualitatively and accurately quantified. Therefore, it has been unable to meet people’s high standards of drug safety evaluation. In order to further study and analyze drug toxicity damage and pathological changes, some new techniques and new methods that can reflect the endpoint of toxicological effects from different levels have been applied to the study of drug toxicological pathology. These new technologies include immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, confocal laser scanning microscopy, laser capture microdissection, flow cytometry, toxicology chip technology, and molecular imaging techniques. They not only make up for the limitations and deficiencies of traditional morphological pathology, but also broaden the research ideas of toxicology and pathology, which will surely promote the rapid development of toxicology and pathology of drugs.