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本研究经颧骨下缘入路建立大鼠三叉神经痛模型,运用全细胞膜片钳的方法观察大鼠三叉神经节神经元中电压门控性钾电流的变化。30只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为手术组与假手术组,通过颧骨下缘入路慢性压迫眶下神经方法,建立三叉神经痛模型。在分离培养的三叉神经节神经元上,通过全细胞膜片钳方法记录延迟外向钾电流(delayed rectifier po-tassium current,IK)和瞬时外向钾电流(transient outward potassium current,IA)的变化。手术组大鼠术侧触须垫机械痛阈在术后第6天开始明显降低,持续到第21天,于第15天为最低;手术组非术侧痛阈亦有降低;而假手术组痛阈在术后无明显改变。与假手术组相比,手术组分离培养的三叉神经节细胞IK明显减小,术侧和非术侧IA均明显降低。本实验证明了经颧骨下缘入路压迫眶下神经建立大鼠慢性三叉神经痛模型方法简便可行。此模型大鼠三叉神经节中分离培养的神经元上IA和IK明显降低,提示在三叉神经痛的形成过程中,电压门控性钾通道可能参与介导了外周机械痛阈的降低,进而与外周痛觉过敏有关。
In the present study, a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia was established via the inferior border of the cheekbone. The changes of voltage-gated potassium currents in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons were observed by whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into operation group and sham operation group. The trigeminal neuralgia model was established by chronic compression of the infraorbital nerve through the lower edge of the zygoma. On isolated trigeminal ganglion neurons, the changes of delayed rectifier po-tassium current (IK) and transient outward potassium current (IA) were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp method. The mechanical pain threshold of the trapezius pad in the operation group decreased significantly from the 6th day after the operation until the 21st day and the lowest on the 15th day in the operation group. No significant change in the threshold after surgery. Compared with the sham-operated group, the IK of the trigeminal ganglion cells cultured in the operation group was significantly decreased, and both IA and non-operative IA were significantly decreased. This experiment proved that the lower edge of the zygomatic margin compression of the infraorbital nerve in rats with chronic trigeminal neuralgia model is simple and feasible. The levels of IA and IK in neurons isolated from the trigeminal ganglion were significantly decreased in this model rat, suggesting that voltage-gated K + channels may be involved in the reduction of peripheral mechanical pain threshold during the development of trigeminal neuralgia, Peripheral hyperalgesia related.