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北方地区位于昆仑、祁连、秦岭、大别山系之北,因山阻雨,年降雨量较少,年际雨量变差大,年内季节分配不匀不稳,所以自然灾害频繁。据近五百年历史资料,一般十至二十年左右就要出现一次严重的旱灾或涝灾。但总的说来,干旱历来是北方地区农业生产的主要威胁,既有春旱秋涝的特点,又有春、夏、秋连旱的问题。因此,抗旱既是当前任务,又是长远建设。现将这次北方抗旱科技讨论会中交流的找水用水技术经验汇集如下:
The northern region is located in the north of the Kunlun, Qilian, Qinling and Dabie Mountains. Due to the mountain rains, the annual rainfall is small, the annual rainfall is greatly deteriorated, and the seasonal distribution is uneven throughout the year, so natural disasters are frequent. According to nearly five hundred years of historical data, a severe drought or flood is generally expected to occur in about 10 to 20 years. However, in general, drought has always been a major threat to agricultural production in the northern region. It not only has the characteristics of spring and autumn and floods, but also the drought in spring, summer and autumn. Therefore, drought is both a current task and a long-term construction. Here is a summary of the experience of water-seeking technologies for water exchanges held in the northern drought symposium: