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调节性B细胞(regulatory B cells, Breg)是一类具有负向免疫调节作用的B淋巴细胞亚群，其对免疫应答的调控已被认为是小鼠和人类免疫系统的一个新的重要组成部分。以往对Breg的研究主要集中于肿瘤和自身免疫性疾病中，但近年来Breg在慢性感染性疾病中的作用引起关注。本文归纳了Breg的表型、作用方式及其在慢性感染性疾病进程中所发挥的作用，以期为慢性感染性疾病的免疫治疗提供新的方向。“,”Regulatory B cells(Breg) are a subgroup of B lymphocytes and characterized by their immunosuppressive capacity. The regulation of immune response by Breg plays a critical role in the mouse and human immune systems. Previous studies on Breg mainly focus on autoimmune diseases and tumors, but in recent years, the role of Breg in chronic infectious diseases has attracted attention. This review summarized the phenotypes, modes of action and the role of Breg in the process of chronic infectious diseases aiming to provide a new sight for research on immunotherapy for chronic infectious diseases.