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探测器软着陆后的姿态是上升器月面稳定起飞的前提基础,研究月壤撞击坑给探测器着陆性能带来的影响对上升器月面稳定起飞具有重要意义。通过有限元法(FEM)模拟GRC-1型月壤的非线性力学特性,并与文献[13]中三轴试验结果对比,验证了仿真方法的有效性;在综合考虑月壤非线性、反推火箭残余应力、姿态控制力和重力的基础上,建立了探测器着陆过程动力学模型;以四腿悬架式着陆器为研究对象,研究了月壤撞击坑对探测器着陆后姿态的影响。结果表明:探测器着陆后的姿态角随撞击坑深度的增加而增大;若要保证上升器月面稳定起飞,撞击坑深度不能超过600 mm.
The attitude of the detector after soft landing is the prerequisite basis for steady lunar surface take-off. It is of great significance to study the impact of lunar crater on the landing performance of the detector on the steady lunar surface take-off. The finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the nonlinear mechanical behavior of GRC-1 lunar soil. Compared with the results of the triaxial test in [13], the validity of the simulation method is verified. When considering the lunar soil nonlinearity, Push the rocket residual stress, attitude control and gravity on the basis of the establishment of the dynamics of the landing process of the detector model; four-legged suspension lander as the research object, the lunar impact craters on the attitude of the detector landing impact . The results show that the attitude angle of the detector after landing increases with the depth of the impact crater, and the impact crater depth can not exceed 600 mm if the lunar surface of the updater is to take off steadily.