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【目的】研究一种引起虎皮兰叶斑病的刺孢壳属真菌HPL06的生物学特性,为了解其潜在危害及制定科学的防治方案提供依据。【方法】将HPL06于多种光照(自然光、12 h光照/12 h黑暗、24 h光照、24 h黑暗)、温度(5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40℃)、p H(4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)、氮源(天冬酰胺、氯化铵、硝酸钾、硫酸铵、谷氨酸)和碳源(蔗糖、果糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖)条件下进行培养,采用十字交叉法测量菌落直径,分析不同环境因子对病原菌生长的影响;用HPL06菌饼和孢子悬浮液进行离体叶片接种,检测病原菌对23科62种植物的致病性。【结果】HPL06在4种光照条件下均能生长,光照有利于菌丝生长,24 h光照对菌丝生长最有利;在极端温度(5,10,40℃)条件下病原菌不能生长,其他温度下均能生长,菌丝生长的最适温度为25~30℃;病原菌能在p H为4~11的条件下生长,最适p H为4;5种供试碳源中,病原菌均可正常生长,葡萄糖对菌丝生长最有利;5种供试氮源中,天冬酰胺对病原菌的生长最有利,其菌丝在PDA培养基中生长最快。HPL06对20科46种植物具有致病性,其中菌饼接种发病的植物为20科46种,孢子悬浮液接种发病的植物为12科30种。【结论】刺孢壳属真菌HPL06对环境因子适应性范围较广,仅在低于10℃或高于40℃时不能生长;而且寄主范围广,在被检测的23科62种植物中,对74.19%的植物均具有致病性,在自然界中可能还存在更多的寄主植物。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the biological characteristics of a strain of Cephophalum genus HPL06 that caused the disease of Tiger Piedlander leaf spot and provide a basis for understanding its potential damage and developing a scientific control plan. 【Method】 HPL06 was cultured in a variety of light (natural light, 12 h light / 12 h dark, 24 h light, 24 h dark), temperature (5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40 ℃), p H (4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11), nitrogen sources (asparagine, ammonium chloride, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, glutamic acid) and carbon sources (sucrose, fructose, Maltose and glucose), the diameter of colony was measured by crossed crossover method, the effect of different environmental factors on the growth of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed, inoculated with HPL06 bacterial suspension and spore suspension, Pathogenicity. 【Result】 HPL06 was able to grow under all four light conditions. Light was beneficial to the growth of mycelia and 24 h light was the best for mycelial growth. The pathogen could not grow under the extreme temperature (5, 10, 40 ℃) The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was 25-30 ℃. The pathogen could grow under the condition of p H of 4-11, and the optimum pH was 4. Among the five tested carbon sources, the pathogen could be Normal growth of glucose was the most favorable for mycelial growth. Asparagine was most beneficial to the growth of pathogenic bacteria among the five tested nitrogen sources, and its mycelium grew fastest in PDA medium. HPL06 is pathogenic to 46 families of 20 families, among which, 46 families of 20 families were inoculated with bacterial clumps and 30 families of 12 families were inoculated with spore suspension. 【Conclusion】 The conidial fungi HPL06 has a wide range of adaptability to environmental factors and can not grow below 10 ℃ or above 40 ℃. In addition, the host range is wide. Among the 23 tested 62 families of 23 families 74.19% of the plants are pathogenic, there may be more host plants in nature.