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一、前言随着免疫学的进展,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的研究日益深广。1951年Stokes首先证明病毒肝炎垂直传播的存在,其后Blumberg以其卓越的研究成果,获得了1976年医学生理学诺贝尔奖金。从研究人类血清异型,发现了HBV抗原,运用琼脂凝胶双重扩散法在输过血的患者血中产生的抗体,证明血清中的低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein)有遗传上的抗原特性。继Blumberg之后,1968年大河内等证明了本病和输血后肝炎的关系。1972年9月命名为乙型肝炎,仅几年就取得了惊人的进展。二、病毒性肝炎的分类
I. Introduction With the progress of immunology, the research of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is getting deeper day by day. In 1951, Stokes first demonstrated the vertical transmission of viral hepatitis. After that, Blumberg won the 1976 Nobel Prize in Medical Physiology for its excellent research results. From the study of human serotypes, HBV antigens were found. Antibodies produced by blood transfusions using agar gel double diffusion were used to demonstrate the genetic antigenic properties of low density lipoproteins in serum. Following Blumberg, Dahe et al., 1968, demonstrated the relationship between this disease and post-transfusion hepatitis. Named as Hepatitis B in September 1972, dramatic progress was achieved in just a few years. Second, the classification of viral hepatitis