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目的了解2013年常州市武进区健康促进学校的创建对中小学生健康知识与行为的影响,为进行中小学生健康教育提供参考。方法整群和单纯随机抽取创建健康促进学校中小学生5 000名,分别在申报前后进行健康知识与行为问卷调查。问卷采用江苏省健康教育所设计的《小学生健康知识测试卷》和《中学生健康知识测试卷》,并对干预前后学生健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率进行效果评价。结果干预前后小学生的健康知识知晓率分别为89.80%,91.05%,中学生的健康知识知晓率分别为86.65%,92.00%(χ2值分别为25.265,330.187,P值均<0.01);小学生的健康行为形成率分别为75.30%,81.00%,中学生分别为79.00%,83.20%(χ2值分别为133.189,63.296,P值均<0.01)。中学生的健康知识知晓率的提升幅度比小学生的多4.1百分点,健康行为形成率的提升幅度比小学生的少1.5百分点。结论健康促进学校创建对学生健康知识和行为有明显促进作用,健康促进学校创建活动是控制学校健康教育和提高中小学生健康素养水平的良好形式和载体。
Objective To understand the influence of the establishment of health promotion schools in Wujin District, Changzhou City in 2013 on the health knowledge and behavior of primary and secondary school students, and to provide reference for primary and secondary school students’ health education. METHODS: A total of 5 000 primary and secondary school students in health promotion schools were created by cluster analysis and simple random sampling. Questionnaires of health knowledge and behavior were conducted before and after the application. The questionnaire was designed by Jiangsu Province Health Education “primary school students health knowledge test paper” and “middle school students health knowledge test paper”, and before and after the intervention students health knowledge awareness and health behavior formation rate of effectiveness evaluation. Results Before and after the intervention, the awareness rate of primary school students ’health knowledge was 89.80% and 91.05%, respectively. The awareness rate of secondary school students’ health knowledge was 86.65% and 92.00% respectively (χ2 = 25.265 and 330.187, P <0.01) The rates of formation were 75.30% and 81.00% respectively. The middle school students were 79.00% and 83.20% respectively (χ2 = 133.189 and 63.296, respectively, P <0.01). The awareness rate of health knowledge among middle school students increased by 4.1 percentage points more than that of primary school students, and the rate of improvement of health behavior formation rate was 1.5 percentage points less than that of primary school students. Conclusion The establishment of health promotion schools can significantly promote students’ health knowledge and behaviors. The promotion of health promotion schools is a good form and carrier of controlling school health education and improving the health literacy of primary and middle school students.