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目的探讨产后出血的高危因素及预防治疗措施,以降低孕产妇的死亡率。方法回顾性分析2010年12月—2011年11月期间在收治的77例产后出血患者的临床资料,结合文献总结评价产后出血的高危因素、病因、预防和治疗手段。结果产后出血的发生与孕周、胎儿体质量、分娩方式、流产史等因素密切相关。子宫收缩乏力是最主要病因,其次为胎盘因素。结论针对高危因素,积极预防,采取积极合理的对因,及对症抗休克、抗感染治疗措施,严格掌握剖宫产指征,合理补液,对于降低产后出血及产妇死亡率起着重要的作用。
Objective To explore the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage and preventive measures to reduce maternal mortality. Methods The clinical data of 77 patients with postpartum hemorrhage admitted from December 2010 to November 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. The risk factors, etiology, prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage were evaluated with literature review. Results The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and gestational age, fetal body mass, mode of delivery, abortion history and other factors are closely related. Uterine atony is the most important cause, followed by placental factors. Conclusion The prevention of high risk factors, active prevention, aggressive and symptomatic treatment of symptomatic anti-shock and anti-infectives, strict control of cesarean section indications and rational rehydration play an important role in reducing postpartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality.