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目的:了解城市老龄化家庭的基本情况,探索影响健康的家庭因素。方法:以WHO全球老龄化与成人健康研究(SAGE)家庭调查资料为基础,采用SPSS13.0做统计学分析。结果:婺城区城市老龄化家庭户均人口2.28人,60岁及以上人口占46.28%;50岁以上人群中20.29%的家庭不与孩子一起居住。75.16%人在婚或同居,离异占2.51%,丧偶人群中,女性占84.67%,丧偶女性占女性总数的14.95%;不同性别间教育程度不同。人均年收入与年支出低于市区同期水平,食物支出占总支出的54.14%,高于市区平均数。因为健康原因需要照顾的占2.63%,有16.30%的对象没有强制性或自愿性医疗保险。结论:老龄化是当前主要社会问题,老龄化家庭面临着退休、低收入、低消费和丧偶等一系列问题,因为低出生率,家庭结构逐年变小,因为年龄和疾病,许多人需要照顾,而目前养老和医疗保险不尽完善,加剧了老龄化家庭的负担。因此,政府需要制定相应的帮扶政策,加强居民社会养老保险和医疗保险,缓解老龄化家庭的经济压力,同时关心老龄人群的文化、卫生保健兴趣,引导他们投入社区活动,提高社会的健康环境,达到安老目的。
Objectives: To understand the basic situation of urban aging families and to explore the family factors affecting health. Methods: Based on the WHO Global Survey on Aging and Adult Health (SAGE) family data, SPSS13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average annual population of urban aging population in Wucheng District was 2.28, accounting for 46.28% of the population aged 60 and over. 20.29% of the population over the age of 50 did not live with their children. 75.16% people marry or live together, divorce 2.51%, widowers, women 84.67%, widowed women accounted for 14.95% of the total number of women; different levels of education of different sexes. Annual per capita income and annual expenditure is lower than the same period in urban areas, food expenditure accounted for 54.14% of total expenditure, higher than the urban average. 2.63% of people need care because of health reasons, and 16.30% of them do not have compulsory or voluntary medical insurance. Conclusion: Aging is the current major social problem. Aging families are faced with a series of problems such as retirement, low income, low consumption and widowhood. Because of the low birth rate, the family structure becomes smaller year by year because many people need care because of age and illness The current pension and medical insurance are not perfect, exacerbating the burden on aging families. Therefore, the government needs to formulate corresponding help policies, strengthen the social pension insurance and medical insurance for residents, and ease the economic pressure on aging families. At the same time, the government should care about the cultural and health care interests of the elderly population, guide them to devote their efforts to community activities and improve the healthy environment of the society , To achieve the purpose of the elderly.