目的:分析尿脱落细胞荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)在尿路上皮肿瘤诊断中的应用价值。方法:对205例临床疑诊尿路上皮肿瘤患者的尿脱落细胞进行FISH检测,并与组织病理学结果进行对照,总结FISH检测方法对尿路上皮癌诊断的敏感性与特异性。结果:153例尿路上皮癌、52例非尿路上皮癌患者在术前接受了尿脱落细胞FISH检测,术后均经病理检查确定诊断。FISH检测尿路上皮癌的敏感性为54.2%,特异性为94.2%。结论:尿脱落细胞FISH检测对于诊断尿路上皮癌具有高度的特异性。 Objective: To analyze the value of FISH in the diagnosis of urothelial tumors by using urine exfoliated cells. Methods: Urine exfoliated cells from 205 clinically suspected urothelial tumors were examined by FISH and compared with histopathological findings. The sensitivity and specificity of FISH for the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma were summarized. Results: 153 cases of urothelial carcinoma and 52 cases of non-urothelial carcinoma patients underwent FISH of urine exfoliated cells before operation. All patients were confirmed by pathological examination after operation. FISH detection of urothelial carcinoma sensitivity was 54.2%, specificity 94.2%. Conclusion: FISH of exfoliated urine cells is highly specific for the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma.