社会语言学家D.Hymes在20世纪70年代就提出交际能力学说,他认为语言能力是“什么时候,什么场合讲什么话,以及对谁讲与怎样讲”的能力。后人将其概括为五个方面:语言——指掌握语法知识;功能——指运用听、说、读、写四方面的能力;语境—— Sociolinguist D. Hymes put forward the theory of communicative competence in the 1970s. He considered linguistic competence as “when and where and when to speak to whom.” Descendants summed it up to five aspects: Language - refers to the grasp of grammar knowledge; Function - refers to the ability to use the four aspects of listening, speaking, reading and writing; Context -