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本研究是根据马颊河流域区域水盐动态监测预报分区定量化的要求进行的室内模拟试验,采用了扰动土的土柱法。试验进行分干土柱的毛管水上升湿润锋的观测与湿土状态的蒸发两个阶段。共3个组合21个处理,在人为控制条件下,仅就地下水(潜水)矿化度、耕层土壤有机质、土体构型等三因素对土壤盐渍化的影响,进行了观测。试验表明:地下水矿化度与土壤积盐量之间存在着极显著的正相关;耕层有机质的含量在1.5%开始有明显的抑制土壤盐渍化的作用;明确了在有粘土夹层的土体中,不能以在风干土柱的毛管水上升速度来推测土壤表层返盐的快慢,而应以在湿润土时,土壤水的蒸发速度为依据。粘土夹层的抑盐作用是随其厚度的增加和层位的升高而加强。
This study is based on the indoor simulation test of the quantification requirements of the dynamic monitoring and forecasting of water and salt in the Majiahe River Basin. The soil column method of disturbed soil is adopted. The experiment is divided into two phases: the observation of capillary water rising and wetting front of soil column and the evaporation of wet soil state. A total of 21 combinations of 21 treatments. Under artificial control conditions, the effects of three factors on soil salinization, including groundwater (submarine) salinity, topsoil organic matter and soil configuration, were observed. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the salinity of groundwater and the salinity of the soil. The content of organic matter in the topsoil significantly decreases the salinization of soil at 1.5% In the body, it is not possible to estimate the rate of return of salt to the surface of the soil by the rate of capillary water rise in the dried soil column, but should be based on the evaporation rate of the soil water in the case of the wet soil. The salt suppression effect of clay interlayer is strengthened with the increase of its thickness and the increase of horizon.