RNA干扰 (RNAinterference)是近年来出现的一种利用小双链RNA(dsRNA)高效、特异的促使mRNA降解 ,从而阻断体内特定基因表达 ,诱使细胞表现出特定基因缺失表型的一种技术 .本文主要对RNA干扰的发现 ,机制 ,优越性 ,以及在基因功能研究和病毒防治等方面的应用的最新进展作以综述 ,并对其未来发展作以预计 In recent years, RNA interference (RNA interference) is a technique that uses small double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to efficiently and specifically induce mRNA degradation, thereby blocking specific gene expression in vivo and inducing cells to express specific gene deletion phenotypes This review summarizes the recent advances in the discovery, mechanism, and superiority of RNA interference and its applications in gene function studies and virus control, etc., and forecasts its future development