社会保障是社会发展到一定历史阶段人的必然需求 ,对此各国根据自己的国情和经济发展水平也有不同的理解和评价。从社会保障起步较早的西方国家看 ,社会保障主要由国家来组织和领导 ,并统一付诸实施和管理 ,国家扮演了主要角色。在宏观上 ,国家以政府干预来消除市场失灵所产生 Social security is the inevitable demand of people in a certain historic stage of social development. All these countries also have different understandings and assessments based on their own national conditions and the level of economic development. From the western countries where social security started earlier, the state has played a major role in organizing and leading social security mainly by the state and putting it into practice and management. At the macro level, the state intervened by government to eliminate market failure