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偶氮桥联二呋咱是由两个相同的单呋咱环经偶氮桥联反应所构成的。它是一类热化学性能卓越的富氮高能密度材料,因具有高含氮量、低碳氢、良好的氧平衡、高生成焓并具有共轭结构等优点而备受关注,在高能炸药和固体火箭推进剂等领域有着重要的应用前景。本文从合成角度综述了近二十年来一些典型的偶氮桥联二呋咱类化合物(如3,3’-二氨基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱、3,3’-二硝基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱、偶氮桥联二呋咱卤化物和唑基偶氮桥联二呋咱等)的研究进展,系统讨论了不同侧链取代基对偶氮桥联二呋咱熔点性质的影响,其影响因素主要包括:氢键效应、诱导效应、平面性效应、侧链取代基的体积大小以及对称性作用。通过梳理其分子结构-熔点的构效关系,可为选择性设计和合成具有特定热化学性能的新型偶氮桥联呋咱类化合物提供理论参考。
Azo bridged two furazan is composed of two identical mono-furazan ring by azo bridging reaction. It is a kind of nitrogen-rich high-energy density material with excellent thermochemical performance. It attracts much attention due to its advantages of high nitrogen content, low hydrocarbon, good oxygen balance, high enthalpy of formation and conjugated structure. Solid rocket propellant and other fields have important application prospects. In this paper, some typical azo-bridged difunctional compounds (such as 3,3’-diamino-4,4’-azofuranoside, 3,3’-dinitro -4,4’-azofurazan, azo-bridged difurazan halide and azolyl-bridged difurazan, etc.), we systematically discussed the different side-chain substituents of azo-bridged diafloxacin We melting point of the nature of the impact of its influencing factors include: hydrogen bonding effect, induction effect, planarity, side-chain substituents and the size of the role of symmetry. By combing the molecular structure - melting point structure-activity relationship, it can provide a theoretical reference for the selective design and synthesis of novel azo-bridged furazan compounds with specific thermochemical properties.