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目的对流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)疑似病例进行特异性抗体检测,为乙脑诊断和防治提供科学依据。方法用ELISA法检测乙脑疑似病例急性期血清乙脑IgM抗体及双份血清乙脑IgG抗体,并对确诊病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2007-2009年共检测黔东南州174例乙脑疑似病例血清,乙脑抗体阳性88例,阳性率为50.57%。73.86%的病例主要分布于从江、凯里、黄平、施秉、榕江5县(市)。6-8月为发病高峰。男性发病率和检测阳性率均高于女性(χ2=9.83,P<0.01;χ2=4.80,P<0.05)。95.45%的病例是<10岁儿童。2008-2009年采集的98例血清标本中,从发病到采样时间为8～14d的阳性率最高(75.00%),其次是4～7d(67.74%)。结论黔东南州广泛存在乙脑流行,应加强防治。采用IgM抗体和双份血清IgG抗体检测对乙脑病例确诊和疫情判定有重要意义。
Objective To detect specific antibodies against suspected cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and control of JE. Methods Serum anti-JE IgM antibody and anti-JE IgG antibody were detected by ELISA in the suspected cases of Erythrocyte sedimentationus, and the epidemiological analysis of the confirmed cases was performed. Results From 2007 to 2009, 174 cases of suspected cases of JE in Qiandongnan Prefecture were detected, and 88 cases were positive for JE antibody. The positive rate was 50.57%. 73.86% of cases were mainly distributed in 5 counties (cities) in Congjiang, Carey, Huangping, Shi Bing and Rongjiang. June-August peak incidence. Male morbidity and positive rate were higher than female (χ2 = 9.83, P <0.01; χ2 = 4.80, P <0.05). 95.45% of cases were children <10 years of age. Among the 98 serum samples collected from 2008 to 2009, the positive rate was 75.00% from the time of onset to the sampling time of 8-14 days, followed by 4-7 days (67.74%). Conclusion There is a widespread epidemic of JE in Qiandongnan Prefecture, and prevention and treatment should be strengthened. The use of IgM antibodies and double serum IgG antibody detection of JE cases confirmed and epidemic determination is important.