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目的了解10年来北京市大兴区用人单位职业病危害因素监测和从业人员职业健康检查情况,为今后制定监管对策和保护劳动者健康提供依据。方法对2002—2011年大兴区职业病危害因素监测和从业人员检查资料进行描述性分析,并采用卡方检验分析不同类别职业病危害因素监测合格率和不同性质用人单位职业健康检查受检率差异情况。结果各类监测点总合格率为81.41%,粉尘监测点总合格率最低,不同类别危害因素间监测总合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);完成检查69 265人,检出各类异常情况1 210人,不同性质企业间受检率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中私营企业总体受检率低于其他类别企业。结论职业病危害因素监测受检率和私营企业职业健康检查受检率偏低,应加强职业病危害因素监测和私营企业职业健康监护工作,切实保障劳动者的身体健康。
Objective To understand the monitoring of occupational hazards in employing units in Daxing District of Beijing in the past 10 years and the occupational health examination of employees so as to provide basis for the formulation of regulatory measures and the protection of laborers’ health in the future. Methods A descriptive analysis was conducted on the monitoring of occupational hazards in Daxing District from 2002 to 2011 and the inspection data of employees. The differences of the monitoring percentages of occupational hazards in different categories and occupational health examinations of different types of employing units were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results The total qualified rate of all kinds of monitoring points was 81.41%, the total qualified rate of dust monitoring points was the lowest, and the total qualified rate of monitoring for different types of harmful factors was statistically different (P <0.01); 69,265 people were checked and all kinds There were statistically significant differences (P <0.01) in the inspection rate among enterprises of different nature with 1,210 abnormalities, of which the overall inspection rate of private enterprises was lower than that of other types of enterprises. Conclusion The detection rate of occupational disease risk factors and the low rate of occupational health examination in private enterprises should be strengthened monitoring of occupational hazards and occupational health monitoring in private enterprises so as to ensure the physical health of laborers.