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【目的】 调查我国 0～ 6岁儿童的维生素A(VA)营养状况。 【方法】 以分层抽样法将全国划分为沿海、内地和边远三层 ,抽取 1 4个省、市、自治区的 8669名儿童进行问卷和血清VA含量测定。以FoxBase建立数据库 ,以Epinfo软件统计分析 ,计量资料用F、t检验和多元回归处理。 【结果】 儿童血清VA均值为(1 .0 6± 0 .33) μmol/L ,亚临床维生素A缺乏 (SVAD)患病率为 1 1 .7%。儿童血清VA水平随着年龄的增长 ,富含VA食物摄入频率的增加 ,所在地区呼吸道、发热、腹泻发病率的降低 ,家庭年人均收入和所在地区年人均国民生产总值 (GNP)的升高 ,母亲受教育程度的升高而逐渐升高(P均 <0 .0 0 0 )。儿童血清VA水平 ,取血前 2周内曾患呼吸道感染、发热、腹泻者明显低于未曾患病者。母亲是少数民族者明显低于母亲是汉族者 (P均 <0 .0 0 0 )。多元回归结果表明 :年龄小 ,未食用乳、蛋、鱼虾、肝炎、鱼肝油 ,曾患呼吸道感染、腹泻 ,所在地区及家庭经济状况差 ,母亲文化程度低 ,母亲为少数民族是其血清VA水平低下的危险因素。 【结论】 我国儿童血清VA含量尚处于较低水平
【Objective】 To investigate the nutritional status of vitamin A (VA) in children aged 0 ~ 6 in our country. 【Method】 The stratified sampling method was used to divide the whole country into three levels: coastal, inland and remote areas. Totally 8669 children from 14 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions were collected for questionnaire and serum VA content determination. With FoxBase to establish a database to Epinfo software statistical analysis, measurement data using F, t test and multiple regression. 【Results】 The average serum VA in children was (1.06 ± 0.33) μmol / L, and the prevalence of subclinical vitamin A deficiency (SVAD) was 11.7%. Serum VA levels in children increased with age, increased intake of foods rich in VA, decreased incidence of respiratory tract, fever, diarrhea in the area, per capita annual household income, and annual GNP per capita increase in the region High, mothers increased their education level and gradually increased (P <0.0 0). Serum VA levels in children, within 2 weeks before taking blood had respiratory tract infection, fever, diarrhea were significantly lower than those who have not. Males whose ethnic minorities were significantly lower than their mothers were Han nationality (all P <0.000). Multivariate regression results showed that: the age of young, non-consumption of milk, eggs, fish, shrimp, hepatitis, cod liver oil, who have had respiratory infections, diarrhea, poor health conditions in the region and the family, mother’s education level is low, Low risk factors. 【Conclusion】 Our country children’s serum VA content is still at a low level