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研究了亚临界水萃取技术富集紫草中左旋/右旋紫草素的工艺过程,采用响应曲面法对影响紫草素提取率的工艺参数进行分析优化。考察了萃取温度、萃取时间和固液比对紫草素提取率的影响,结果发现三个因素在各自考察的实验范围内均有显著影响。采用可见分光光度法对亚临界水提取液中紫草素的浓度进行分析,在510 nm波长下测得的标准线性方程为y=24.77x+0.0311,相关系数为0.9905,紫草素浓度的线性范围是0.0084~0.0540 mg.mL-1。响应曲面分析模型预测的最佳提取条件是:固液比为7.875 g.L-1,在20 MPa、117.5℃下提取18 min,此时紫草素最大提取率是2.02 mg.g-1,与模型预测值基本相符。采用亚临界水萃取紫草素具有高效、环保、操作简便等优势,利用响应曲面设计能够有效地优化萃取过程,为该技术的推广提供了一定的理论支持。
The subcritical water extraction technology was used to enrich the process of L-dextrin shikonin in Lithospermum. The response surface methodology was used to optimize and optimize the process parameters affecting the extraction rate of shikonin. The effects of extraction temperature, extraction time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of shikonin were investigated. The results showed that all three factors had a significant effect in the experimental range. The concentration of shikonin in subcritical water extract was analyzed by visible spectrophotometry. The standard linear equation at 510 nm was y = 24.77x + 0.0311 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9905. The linearity of shikonin concentration The range is 0.0084 to 0.0540 mg.mL-1. The optimal extraction conditions for the response surface analysis model prediction are as follows: the solid-liquid ratio is 7.875 gL-1, at 20 MPa and 117.5 ℃ for 18 min, the maximum extraction rate of shikonin is 2.02 mg.g-1, The predicted values basically match. The use of subcritical water extraction of shikonin has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness and easy operation. The use of response surface design can effectively optimize the extraction process and provide some theoretical support for the promotion of shikonin.