Objective: To study the epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma in China during the last 10 years and to analyze the diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Reports on pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma published from 2000 to 2009 were retrieved from various databases, such as WANFANG data, VIP web and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma and its diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Results: Totally 1 865 patients with pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were reported in China during the last 10 years. The male to female ratio was approximately 1:2.1. The accurate ages were reported in 1536 cases, the average age of them was 50.8 years, whose average age from 40 to 60 years old accounted 75.9% of the patients. 65.3% of the cases were located in East China and Central China. Abdominal pain was the main clinical manifestation and was found in 54.9% of the patients. Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of body and tail of the pancreas were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were mainly found in older women in East and Central China. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of pancreatic body and tail were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.