长期以来,美国在保持一支精干的现役部队的同时,十分重视后备役部队的建设和发展,原因是多方面的。首先是为紧急动员作准备。后备役部队是美国在战争初期动员的首要对象,是迅速扩充现役部队兵力的主要来源。第二次世界大战期间,美国动员的总兵力近一千五百万人,其中后备役人员调服现役的三百万人;同时通过后备军官训练团,为征来 For a long time, the United States has attached great importance to the construction and development of the reserve forces while maintaining a capable serving force. There are many reasons for this. The first is to prepare for an emergency mobilization. Reserve forces are the primary targets mobilized by the United States in the early stages of the war and are the main source of rapidly expanding the troop strength of active service troops. During World War II, the total force mobilized by the United States was nearly 15 million, of which reserve officers were serving more than 3 million active servicemen. At the same time, they were recruited by the reserve officer training corps